The main difference between solutions was in treatment of tag Strategies included a) A separate tag with text inside it describing changes (this was my expectation and most common approach) b) A separate tag with additional structure to define who did the changes and what they were on an item by item basis (item is attribute or element of original file) We left the Schema structure unchanged but updated department data to reflect the details relevant for IU ...... c) A tag including all changed items without comments One other approach -- not adopted -- could be: d) For all elements where either they or attributes in them changed add either an attribute or element modifiedforiu which could either be a flag such as modifiedforiu="yes" or a subelement Here are examples of d) ...... ...... or a description of what was done We left the Schema structure unchanged but updated department data to reflect the details relevant for IU ...... The advantage of d) is that it is clearer how to link comments and modified elements ** Final Note ** You should not put tag at top level as this violates XML constrainst that only one tree in each document. Put inside