Fig. 1 Bodies in contact with each other

Fig.2 Frame for calculation of the contact force

Fig. 3 Local contact search algorithm

Fig. 4 The geometry and mesh of tube and tubesheet structure analyzed

Fig. 5 Average CPU time vs. numbers of contact nodes

Water (600 mm)

Dimensions: 20038 x 51 x 600

Loading condition: gravity force + hydraulic pressure

Fig. 6 The Northeast fault model with the Pacific plate analyzed

　

(a)

(b)

(c)

Fig. 7 Displacement distribution at different friction conditions:

(a). ; (b).;

(c). , otherwise