This example shows some basic built-in features of VRML2, such as lighting, transparency, etc.
#VRML V2.0 utf8
All VRML files start with a header to identify the version and information
encoding scheme. This header should be the first line of the file. In
this case, this VRML file is prepared according to 2.0 specifications, and
it uses the international UTF-8 character set.
header
DEF World Transform {
rotation 1 0 0 0.523599
children [
DirectionalLight {
on TRUE
intensity 1
color 1 1 1
direction 1 0 0
},
The Transform node creates a new coordinate system relative to its
parent. Transform node fields do translation, rotation and
scale. Here we are defining a node called World that is rotated 30
degress on the x axis. The shapes that make up the group are called the
groups's children. The first child is a DirectionalLight.
DirectionalLight is a light aimed at the world and it points in a
specified direction.
DEF Car Group {
children [
DEF LeftFrontWheel Transform {
translation -2 0 2
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material
Material {
diffuseColor 1 0 0
}
}
geometry
DEF Wheel Sphere {
radius 1
}
}
]
},
Group nodes describe a list of member nodes (children) for the
group. Here we are defining a group node, Car. The Car object has a child
named LeftFrontWheel who also has a child Shape node. Shape nodes
describe appearance and geometry. Appearance nodes describe
material properties (color, transparency, etc..). Gometry are the
primitive shapes (box, cone, cylinder, sphere). Here we have a sphere of
radius 1 that is of the color red. Nodes can be named and used
repeatedly. Notice we are defining Wheel to be used in the rest of the
wheels of the car.
DEF RightFrontWheel Transform {
translation -2 0 -2
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material
Material {
diffuseColor 0 1 0
}
}
geometry USE Wheel
}
]
},
The left front wheel is defined here. USE allows us to use a node
multiple times without repeating the definition. Here, we instanciate the
node Wheel by using USE. The color of our RightFrontWheel is blue.
DEF LeftRearWheel Transform {
translation 2 0 2
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material
Material {
diffuseColor 0 0 1
}
}
geometry USE Wheel
}
]
},
DEF RightRearWheel Transform {
translation 2 0 -2
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material
Material {
diffuseColor 1 1 0
}
}
geometry USE Wheel
}
]
},
Similarly, the LeftRearWheel and RightRearWheel are defined.
DEF WindShield Transform {
translation -2 1 0
rotation 0 0 1 -1.0472
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material
Material {
diffuseColor 0.2 0.2 0.2
specularColor 0.8 0.8 0.8
shininess 0.7
transparency 0.8
}
}
geometry
Box {
size 0.01 2 1.5
}
}
]
},
The WindShield is defined here. It is constructed by a box using the
transparency field of the material node to give it a transparent look.
DEF LeftSign Transform {
translation 0 0 1.01
rotation 0 1 0 -1.5708
children [
DEF Sign Group {
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material
DEF SignMaterial Material {
diffuseColor 1 1 1
specularColor 0.8 0.8 0.8
shininess 0.7
}
texture
DEF SignTexture ImageTexture {
url "number.gif"
}
}
geometry
DEF SignBox Box {
size 0.01 1 1
}
}
]
}
]
},
Here, we introduce ImageTexture for mapping textures to shapes.
ImageTexture node can be used as a texture field of Appearance node.
It is used by specifying the URL address of the texture image file. The
formats supported for texture image are JPEG, GIF or PNG. The RightSign of
the race car is constructed by texture mapping number.gif image file onto
the surface of a box.
DEF RightSign Transform {
translation 0 0 -1.01
rotation 0 1 0 -1.5708
children [
Group {
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material USE SignMaterial
texture USE SignTexture
}
geometry
Box {
size 0.01 1 1
}
}
]
}
]
},
Similarly, the RightSign is defined here.
DEF DrivingWheel Transform {
translation -1.2 0.5 0.2
rotation 0 0 1 -1.5708
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material
Material {
diffuseColor 0.2 0.2 0.2
}
}
geometry
Cylinder {
radius 0.5
height 0.01
}
}
]
},
DrivingWheel is defined here and it is made out of a cylinder.
DEF Body Group {
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material
Material {
diffuseColor 1 1 1
}
}
geometry
Box {
size 6 1 2
}
}
]
},
The Body is defined here and it is made out of a white box.
DEF RightHeadLight Transform {
translation -3 0.3 -0.5
children [
DEF HeadLight Group {
children [
Transform {
translation -0.2 0 0
rotation 0 0 1 -1.5708
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material
DEF HeadLightMaterial Material {
diffuseColor 1 0 0
}
}
geometry
DEF HeadLightCone Cone {
bottomRadius 0.09
height 0.5
}
}
]
},
Transform {
translation -0.45 0 0
children [
DEF HeadLightPointLight PointLight {
intensity 1
color 1 1 0.9
},
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material
DEF PointLightMaterial Material {
emissiveColor 1 1 0
}
}
geometry
DEF PointLightSphere Sphere {
radius 0.1
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
RightHeadLight is defined here. The headlight consists of three objects, a
bottomless cone, a sphere and a point light source. The PointLight is
located inside of the sphere and it gives out slightly yellow light. The
light is filtered by the sphere's surface properties, emissive yellow
color. The result is a yellow light with a hint of high intensity.
DEF LeftHeadLight Transform {
translation -3 0.3 0.5
children [
Group {
children [
Transform {
translation -0.2 0 0
rotation 0 0 1 -1.5708
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material USE HeadLightMaterial
}
geometry
Cone {
bottomRadius 0.09
height 0.5
}
}
]
},
Transform {
translation -0.45 0 0
children [
PointLight {
intensity 1
color 1 1 0.9
},
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material USE PointLightMaterial
}
geometry USE PointLightSphere
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
]
},
Similarly, the LeftHeadLight is defined here.
Transform {
translation 0 -2 5
First, we move the rest of the objects away from the car.
children [
Anchor {
url "http://www.lamborghini.com/"
children [
Transform {
translation 4.5 0 0
rotation 1 0 0 -1.0472
scale 0.125 0.125 0.125
center 0 0 0
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material
DEF _DefMat Material {
}
}
geometry
Text {
fontStyle
FontStyle {
size 10
justify "MIDDLE"
}
string "Lamborghini"
length 0
}
}
]
}
]
},
We have a child node that contains four Anchor Grouping Nodes.
Anchor Grouping Node allows one to link different VRML Worlds. The
node's url field specifies the URL address of the corresponding VRML/Web
page to which the viewer travels/loads when the viewer clicks on the anchor
shape. The anchor shape in this case is a Text node. Text Node
builds 2D flat text characters in X-Y plane with a Z axis depth of
0.0. The fontStyle field specifies the characteristics defining the look
and alighnment of text created by the Text node. Size field specifies the
height of the characters measured in VRML units while the justify field
determines the alignment of the text layout relative to the origin of the
object coordinate system. Possible values for the justify field are FIRST,
BEGIN, MIDDLE and END. Text strings list the text to build in string
field. Each entry in string vector generates a single line or column
(depending on fontstyle field horizontal field value). The length field
specifies the desired length for each line of text, length of zero implies
no length constraint.
Anchor {
url "http://www.bmwusa.com/"
children [
Transform {
translation -4.5 0 0
rotation 1 0 0 -1.0472
scale 0.125 0.125 0.125
center 0 0 0
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material USE _DefMat
}
geometry
Text {
fontStyle
FontStyle {
size 10
justify "MIDDLE"
}
string "BMW"
length 0
}
}
]
}
]
},
Similarly, we have another Anchor Node that loads BMW homepage at
http://www.bmwusa.com upon a click on the string BMW.
Anchor {
url "http://www.ford.com/"
children [
Transform {
translation 4.5 -1 2
rotation 1 0 0 -1.0472
scale 0.125 0.125 0.125
center 0 0 0
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material USE _DefMat
}
geometry
Text {
fontStyle
FontStyle {
size 10
justify "MIDDLE"
}
string "Ford"
length 0
}
}
]
}
]
},
Similarly, we have another Anchor Node that loads Ford homepage at
http://www.ford.com upon a click on the string Ford.
Anchor {
url "http://www.gm.com/"
children [
Transform {
translation -4.5 -1 2
rotation 1 0 0 -1.0472
scale 0.125 0.125 0.125
center 0 0 0
children [
Shape {
appearance
Appearance {
material USE _DefMat
}
geometry
Text {
fontStyle
FontStyle {
size 10
justify "MIDDLE"
}
string "General Motors"
length 0
}
}
]
}
]
}
Similarly, we have another Anchor Node that loads GM homepage at
http://www.gm.com upon a click on the string General Motors.
]
}
]
}