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LOCAL foilset Introduction to World Wide Web (WWW)

Given by Nancy J. McCracken at ECS400 Senior Undergraduate Course on Spring Semester 1996. Foils prepared 27 February 1996
Abstract * Foil Index for this file

See also color IMAGE
The World Wide Web is a world-wide repository of linked information, called hypertext or hypermedia. It consists of
  • A user interface consistent across many computers
  • A set of standards that enables the interface to access a variety of document types and information protocols.
  • A provision for universal access, based on the Internet domain name schemes.
In this talk, we give a brief background on the Internet, Client/Server Architectures and the components of the World Wide Web.

Table of Contents for full HTML of Introduction to World Wide Web (WWW)

1 Introduction to the World Wide Web (WWW)
2 Introduction to the World Wide Web
3 Background on the Internet
4 History of the Internet
5 History of the World Wide Web
6 Applications based on information services typically use a Client/Server Architecture
7 Familiar Clients and Servers
8 The World Wide Web is a collection of clients and servers called browsers and Web sites

This table of Contents Abstract

HELP! * GREY=local HTML version of LOCAL Foils prepared 27 February 1996

Foil 1 Introduction to the World Wide Web (WWW)

From Introduction to World Wide Web (WWW) ECS400 Senior Undergraduate Course -- Spring Semester 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Nancy McCracken
NPAC
Syracuse University
September 6, 1995
Updated January 19, 1996
HELP! * GREY=local HTML version of LOCAL Foils prepared 27 February 1996

Foil 2 Introduction to the World Wide Web

From Introduction to World Wide Web (WWW) ECS400 Senior Undergraduate Course -- Spring Semester 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
The World Wide Web is a world-wide repository of linked information, called hypertext or hypermedia. It consists of
  • A user interface consistent across many computers
  • A set of standards that enables the interface to access a variety of document types and information protocols.
  • A provision for universal access, based on the Internet domain name schemes.
In this talk, we give a brief background on the Internet, Client/Server Architectures and the components of the World Wide Web.
HELP! * GREY=local HTML version of LOCAL Foils prepared 27 February 1996

Foil 3 Background on the Internet

From Introduction to World Wide Web (WWW) ECS400 Senior Undergraduate Course -- Spring Semester 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
The Internet is a loose federation of networks.
Cooperative organization - no administration, no fees
Most national and international networks are members: NSFNET, ESNET, ARPANET, BITNET
All these networks are packet switched systems based on TCP/IP. Together these protocols allow for communication over a wide variety of technologies. Machines called gateways connect the networks.
Standard domain name system - names are looked up by name server to obtain routing information.
  • symbolic names: npac.syr.edu
  • internet addresses: 128.230.7.2
HELP! * GREY=local HTML version of LOCAL Foils prepared 27 February 1996

Foil 4 History of the Internet

From Introduction to World Wide Web (WWW) ECS400 Senior Undergraduate Course -- Spring Semester 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
1969 The first locations commissioned by DOD (ARPA)
1971 # host computers = 23
1982 Standards for TCP and IP established.
1983-4 Name server and domain name server developed.
1984 #host computers > 1,000
1986 NSFNET backbone established, 56Kbps
1987 #host computers > 10,000
1989 NSFNET backbone upgraded to T1 (1.544Mbps)
  • #host computers > 100,000
1992 Internet Society is chartered, World Wide Web released by CERN
  • NSFNET backbone upgraded to T3 (44.736Mbps)
    • #host computers > 1,000,000
1993 NSF experiments with 600 Megabit backbone
  • #host computers > 2,000,000
HELP! * GREY=local HTML version of LOCAL Foils prepared 27 February 1996

Foil 5 History of the World Wide Web

From Introduction to World Wide Web (WWW) ECS400 Senior Undergraduate Course -- Spring Semester 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
1990 Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in Geneva implements a hypertext system to provide efficient information access to the members of the international high-energy physics community.
1993 Marc Andreessen at NCSA at the University of Illinois develops a graphical user interface.
1994 Web Servers increase by 10% per month.
1994 World Wide Web Consortium formed to guide the technical development of standards. The Consortium is run for the Laboratory of Computer Science at MIT, CERN, and INRIA (the French Research Institute).
1995 Netscape Communications Corp., founded by Mark Andreessen, offers many extensions in its browser.
1995 Commercial interest in the web grows. Prodigy, Compuserver and America On-line offer Web access to the public.
HELP! * GREY=local HTML version of LOCAL Foils prepared 27 February 1996

Foil 6 Applications based on information services typically use a Client/Server Architecture

From Introduction to World Wide Web (WWW) ECS400 Senior Undergraduate Course -- Spring Semester 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Server: A program in charge of a resource or information.
  • Operation is defined by list of services.
  • Normal mode is to listen for requests, stopping to fulfill a request when it arrives.
Client: Any program that makes a request for service from the server.
HELP! * GREY=local HTML version of LOCAL Foils prepared 27 February 1996

Foil 7 Familiar Clients and Servers

From Introduction to World Wide Web (WWW) ECS400 Senior Undergraduate Course -- Spring Semester 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Clients and servers send their messages over a network connection.
HELP! * GREY=local HTML version of LOCAL Foils prepared 27 February 1996

Foil 8 The World Wide Web is a collection of clients and servers called browsers and Web sites

From Introduction to World Wide Web (WWW) ECS400 Senior Undergraduate Course -- Spring Semester 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Web servers provide access to a collection of files containing hyperlinked information
  • primary service is to send text files, images, digitized video
  • can also provide customized services through the form/CGI script interface
Browsers provide an easy graphical interface for users to request information. The client machine also provides viewers for a standard set of image and video formats.
The interface is kept very simple to run on all networks and most machines.
Northeast Parallel Architectures Center, Syracuse University, npac@npac.syr.edu

If you have any comments about this server, send e-mail to webmaster@npac.syr.edu.

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