Reuters
Henry S. Thompson
XML Schema, London 1999-12-15
24
Permissions and obligations
nYou can think of the type itself as the  set of strings/EIIs its constraints allow.  It's helpful to think of constraints as composed of obligations and permissions:
ä (\d )?(\d{3}-)?\d{3}-\d{4}
äregexp definition facet for [US] 'phone number type
n the ? and the \d can be seen as permissions, the - and the {3} as obligations
ä 1 337-6818 and 207-422-6240 belong to this type