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/\s0(1+)/ matches "white space", followed by zero and 1 or more ones -- the set of ones is stored in \1 ( $1)
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/[0-9]\.0\D/ matches "the answer is 1.0 exactly" but not "The answer is 1.00".
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In first case $` is "the answer is ", $& is "1.0 " and $' is "exactly"
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/a.*c.*d/ matches "axxxxcxxxxcdxxxxd" with $` and $' as null and $& as full string
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/(a.*b)c.*d/ matches "axxxxbcxxxxbd" with
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\1 as "axxxxb" -- note backtracking as greedy (a.*b) first matches to "axxxxbcxxxxb" but then tries again when following c.*d fails to match
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