Full HTML for

Basic foilset Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University

Given by Geoffrey C. Fox at After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team on April 15 1999. Foils prepared April 17 1999
Outside Index Summary of Material

We describe some use of object web technologies and educational business models needed to allow Professors to live in Minnowbrook and teach to students around the world ....
I will assume that this group will provide communication technology
I will focus on curricula and software issues
This model will succeed because it will provide more cost effective and higher quality learning environments
It disassociates dormitory, mentoring and teaching roles of Universities
It can be done now but Universities will prevent for a while as they own right to give certified "certificates" and won't allow Minnowbrook to give "for credit" courses

Table of Contents for full HTML of Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University

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1 Minnowbrook The Virtual University
2 Abstract of Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University Presentation
3 Challenge and Opportunity in Education and Training
4 Traditional Model of Instruction
5 Better Model of Instruction
6 WebWisdom.org Education Curricula and Distance Delivery Activities
7 Courses at Jackson State
8 Sample 1999 Java Academy Certificate
9 Architecture of Tango Distance Education
10 Relevant Topics Covered in a Different Lecture (given as distance seminar to DoD April 6 99)
11 Simplistic Object Web View
12 Other Useful Distributed Objects
13 Basic Multi Tier architecture
14 Summary of NPAC's JWORB natural Building Block of the POW
15 The Ingredients of Web Based Education
16 Design and Architecture of Curricula Material
17 Future Design and Current Status of Curricula Material
18 Authoring the Curricula
19 4 Approaches to Authoring of Back End Resource I
20 4 Approaches to Authoring of Back End Resource II
21 Managing the Curricula
22 How are Objects Used Collaboratively?
23 Naïve Shared Object Strategy
24 Learning and Teaching the Curricula I
25 Learning and Teaching the Curricula II
26 What is Universal Acccess / Cross Disability Rendering?
27 If you believe these assertions
28 What Objects should we look at first and what services do we need? (a.k.a. why do we only need to study web pages)
29 What's wrong with Java Clients?
30 What is Involved in Sharing Web Pages?
31 Document Object Tag Hierarchy
32 Hierarchical Object Components in a Web Page

Outside Index Summary of Material

HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 1 Minnowbrook The Virtual University

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Minnowbrook Conference Center Adirondacks April 15 1999
http://www.npac.syr.edu/users/gcf/minnowapril99
http://www.npac.syr.edu/users/gcf/msrcobjectsapril99
http://www.npac.syr.edu/tango
Geoffrey Fox
Syracuse University
NPAC
111 College Place Syracuse NY 13244 4100
3154432163
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 2 Abstract of Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University Presentation

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
We describe some use of object web technologies and educational business models needed to allow Professors to live in Minnowbrook and teach to students around the world ....
I will assume that this group will provide communication technology
I will focus on curricula and software issues
This model will succeed because it will provide more cost effective and higher quality learning environments
It disassociates dormitory, mentoring and teaching roles of Universities
It can be done now but Universities will prevent for a while as they own right to give certified "certificates" and won't allow Minnowbrook to give "for credit" courses
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 3 Challenge and Opportunity in Education and Training

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Pervasive Communication Infrastructure (The Internet) and powerful new software technologies and concepts
  • Distributed Multimedia information on the Web
  • Web-linked Databases, Distributed Objects
  • Collaborative Systems
Can enable education and training with
  • Better curricula
  • New collaborative learning models
  • Different "business models" for universities and schools
Can also change/enable businesses, research, electronic societies
Need to implement so that
  • Can take advantage of the evolving web
  • Can be used by all independent of capabilities
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 4 Traditional Model of Instruction

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Professors
Students
Common Shared Books and Such Resources
Done separately for each class at each university
Usually
Low
Quality
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 5 Better Model of Instruction

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Professor at MVU
(Minnowbrook Virtual University)
with team of authoring specialists in nearby canoes
Outside
Students
(dominant clientele)
Common Shared Books Web based Lecture Material
and Similar Resources
Institutions focussing on particular disciplines, teach a given class
to Students from Universities which provide beds and mentors
Possible local Students
INTERNET
Classes are
given by
MVU
to students
around
the world
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 6 WebWisdom.org Education Curricula and Distance Delivery Activities

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Can offer "Certificates in Internetics or Computational Science" (Total of 4-6 or 1-2 semester classes respectively)
Can offer internally Web and Java classes for K-12 level -- teaching Java Academy to Boston, Houston Syracuse and Starkville every saturday
All these courses are in form suitable for synchronous/asynchronous delivery
Taught two semesters from Syracuse over Internet a Senior Undergraduate Class in Java for web applications at Jackson State Mississippi using Tango collaboration system. Next 2 semesters taught graduate computational science and Internetics
Can combine with local CDROM of curricula material
Have specialized programming laboratories for both Web and parallel programming -- Jackson students do ALL work from a PC at JSU accessing resources at Syracuse
Have best delivery and distributed object web linked database
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 7 Courses at Jackson State

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Taught using Tango over Internet and defense high performance network DREN every Tuesday and Thursday from Syracuse
  • Course material based on Syracuse Senior Undergraduate class ECS406(Web Technologies) and graduate classes CPS615/616(Base Computational science/Internetics)
  • Curricula, Homework, Grading, Facilities done by Syracuse
  • Students get JSU NOT Syracuse Credit
Jackson State major HBC University with many computer science graduates
Do not compete with base courses but offer addon courses with "leading edge" material (Web Technology, modern scientific computing) which give JSU (under)graduates skills that are important in their career
  • Job fair employers liked Java Programming!
Needs guaranteed 30 (audio) to 100 (video) kilobits per second bandwidth
  • Use a proxy server or mirror site
  • Actually get around one megabit/sec Syracuse to Jackson State
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 8 Sample 1999 Java Academy Certificate

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 9 Architecture of Tango Distance Education

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
NPAC Web Server
JSU Web Server
Java Tango Server
.......
Share URL's
Audio Video
Conferencing Chat Rooms
White Boards etc.
Address at JSU of Curriculum Page
Teacher's View of Curriculum Page
Student's View of Curriculum Page
Participants at JSU
Teacher/Lecturer at NPAC
.......
Java Sockets
HTTP
Java Control Clients
All Curricula placed on the Web
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 10 Relevant Topics Covered in a Different Lecture (given as distance seminar to DoD April 6 99)

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Web Page objects
General Objects
Pragmatic Object Web
Multi Tier Object/Service Arch.
HTML
XML and XHTML
XML as a Database Serialization
JavaScript/ECMAScript
Dynamic HTML DHTML
CSS Cascading Style Sheets
Document Object Model DOM
Current DOM: JavaScript plus DHTML
W3C DOM
Jini and its Service Architecture
XML as Web Template Language
CORBA and HPCC Examples
CORBA and Security
JWORB Pragmatic Object Web
Gateway and XML
Tango Architecture
Collaborative or Shared Objects
Universal Access
Web-linked Databases
Lotus Notes
Shared Web Pages are Everything
JavaScript Shared Browser
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 11 Simplistic Object Web View

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
The Object Web Signifies the merger of distributed object and web technologies
The Pragmatic Object Web asks us to take the best of CORBA (Industry Standard) COM (Microsoft PC Standard) Java (Web Software Infrastructure) and W3C (XML)
An "object" is an entity that can be
  • registered, addressed, located
  • has properties and methods
The most common object is a Web Page
The richest available object model is the Web Document Object Model or DOM
JavaScript is language to manipulate this DOM
Web Browsers render this object
Web Servers broker this object
Jini is neatest registration/lookup technology -- do even better with XML and JavaScript ....
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 12 Other Useful Distributed Objects

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Contents of (relational) Databases -- give these a web interface and view as an XML (or HTML) stream
  • Web-linked databases use Java Software and W3C serialization (XML) and rendering technology (HTML)
Computer Programs -- from CGI Scripts to Servlets to CORBA IDL brokered Fortran Programs
(Large) data resources -- from file systems to archival storage
Devices -- from toasters, microsensors to surveillance cameras, PC's, Printers, Supercomputers, Telescopes
Electronic Mail Messages -- favorite form of collaboration
People
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 13 Basic Multi Tier architecture

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Define Objects and properties / methods (backend) and define services (frontend)
Objects (at "backend") can be on client of course
Broker or Server
Rendering Engine
XML
Result
XML Query
User dependent Style Sheets and Rendering engines
Rendering Engine
XML result
HTML
Objects
Universal Interfaces
IDL or Templates
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 14 Summary of NPAC's JWORB natural Building Block of the POW

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
JWORB - Java Web Object Request Broker - multi-protocol middleware network server (HTTP + IIOP + DCE RPC + RMI transport)
Current prototype integrates HTTP and IIOP i.e. acts as Web Server and CORBA Broker
  • HTTP Services built in terms of CORBA services
  • Gives you immediately web interfaces to CORBA
  • CORBA supports applications in any language
Currently testing support of Microsoft COM
JWORB - our trial implementation of Pragmatic Object Web
First non DMSO implementation of RTI -- HLA (distributed event driven simulation) Runtime at 5% cost(!)
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 15 The Ingredients of Web Based Education

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Design of (possibly new as exploiting new possibilities) curricula
Decide on Architecture of the curricula material
Authoring of material in curricula
Managing the material and students response to it including quizzes, grades and administration
Delivery of the material in a mix of self-paced (asynchronous), traditional (synchronous) or collaborative (interactive)
Good answers to all these components are pretty clear and these answers will match the evolution of web over next few years
  • The answers are not perfect but they will improve and they are already good enough and can be delivered at a distance
So all we need is .......................
Organizations with appropriate mission, resources and entrepreneurial spirit to do the grand experiments, succeed and blossom in the future ....
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 16 Design and Architecture of Curricula Material

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
First remember that the web is evolving to the "object web" as "distributed object" and traditional web technologies merge. Whether Sun(Java), Microsoft(COM), W3C (Web Consortium) or OMG (Object Managent Group) win does not matter
  • At a high level they are all distributed objects accessible from the web
So the architecture is that of distributed objects which are designed to be as modular as possible
  • Natural size of basic "educational object" is about a screenfull
Initial design will be traditional -- include
  • Bunch of "foils" (electronic presentation)
  • Bunch of HTML pages (electronic book)
  • Bunch of multimedia dazzle (today's educational CDROM's)
  • The merger of above -- dynamic HTML and Java
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 17 Future Design and Current Status of Curricula Material

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Future design will include virtual environments and interactive simulations and these can only improve a situation that is already better than current teaching model because
  • Can teach at a distance more students than in a class.
  • Thus can invest more effort in curricula by the most appropriate developers and so get more up to date understandable curricula of a traditional type
  • distributed electronic object model allows for greater re-use than current system allowing development of customized courses for special audiences
  • Universal access technology will also allow optimization of delivery of given material to special groups of users
  • And of course distance education can reach users who otherwise would find it hard to attend quality classes
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 18 Authoring the Curricula

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
It would be good to use simulations and nifty animations and digital video if available
  • Simulations can be server side objects or client side (applets)
But in most real classes, use PowerPoint or HTML (with various levels of sophistication in editor)
  • Using COM can store individual foils of PowerPoint in a database
At the high end, currently use Macromedia Director or equivalent technology but this is transitory as not the web?
Only use technologies that support very good web export that respects W3C object model with clear structure (i.e. XML)
Build educational objects that can be stored in a database and exported as HTML/XML using some template
Store video and images in multi-resolution format to accommodate different curricula quality/network bandwidth tradeoffs
Expect authoring tools to improve
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 19 4 Approaches to Authoring of Back End Resource I

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
In order of increasing sophistication; cost; preparation time and presumably also in increasing learning value
"Low-end" typified by simple HTML and PowerPoint. Of course hand written notes and postscript are even less sophisticated but these are getting less important.
"Enhanced Low-end" typified by audio or video over web pages. Not clear how editing is possible/desirable
  • This can be viewed as a pragmatic way of capturing details from the busy lecturer who does not have the time to carefully prepare a more sophisticated resource.
  • NPAC LecCorder technology institutionalizes this
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 20 4 Approaches to Authoring of Back End Resource II

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
"Medium End" such as WebCT or Cornell Virtual Workshop where one provides knowledge at different levels of detail, glossaries, quizzes and dynamic instructional nuggets.
  • This will be done in modern fashion using Java (maybe) XML plus Dynamic HTML and be dominant approach
"Traditional but in my opinion clumsy High End" such as the classic Multimedia CDROM ( or its web equivalent) prepared by sophisticated authoring tools such as Macromedia Director and with possibly professionally produced videos.
  • Too much effort that this will have no value in long run as need to develop XML based documents with educational not Macromedial definitions
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 21 Managing the Curricula

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
So as we have stored all our material in a database, managing it is equivalent to building an administrative support system for the database
  • Administrative system is built in usual way as "business logic Javabean middleware" running on a server and accessed from some web client
Web export from database should support Educom's IMS standard for metadata to allow convenient webwide searches of repositories
One needs special modules that accommodate
  • PAPI or Personal and Performance Information
  • Submission of homework of diverse nature
  • Laboratories including both programming and science labs
  • Producing composite lectures from collections of base educational objects (re-use)
  • More research needed on assessment tools
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 22 How are Objects Used Collaboratively?

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Some sort of activity involves interactions between objects and/or objects and individuals (which can be thought of as objects as well if you want)
Interaction can be synchronous as when individuals talk to each other; parallel program components exchange MPI messages
  • Objects or object properties are shared at same time
Or asynchronous when sharing is done at different times
I post a web page and you look at it later is basic asynchronous sharing model while writing on a blackboard is hallowed synchronous model in teaching
  • other areas are similar
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 23 Naïve Shared Object Strategy

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Assume teachers, students, engineers, shoppers, salespersons, families teach, learn, collaborate, buy, sell, socialize via electronic versions of traditional human interactions combined with shared objects rendered as web pages
  • Most sharing is asynchronous and one usually wishes to share synchronously same material that one accesses asynchronously
  • objects can be (electronic) text books, aircraft designs and simulations, expensive jewelry or photos of grandchildren .....
  • Best sharing must support cross disability rendering
Only shared event model of sharing (collaboration) is capable of necessary efficiency and customization to each user
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 24 Learning and Teaching the Curricula I

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
So the students need to learn the material and they may need some sort of help from a teacher or mentor
In self paced or asynchronous learning, student studies material in his or her own time and essence of this is a web site which may of course be generated from a back-end web-linked database
  • optimal for highly motivated mature students such as those in continuing education
  • electronic version of using a library
In synchronous learning, teacher selects material from website and delivers it in electronic virtual class rooms
  • Homework is set from same website which remains a base asynchronous resource
  • Natural when teachers insight delivers motivation and clarification of key material to student
  • electronic version of traditional classes
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 25 Learning and Teaching the Curricula II

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
In collaborative learning, teachers, assistants, students and the web resource interact in an electronic collaboration system
  • Seems particularly valuable in K-12 arena
  • Also natural model for collaborative research
Note systems like Lotus Notes are "just web-linked object brokers" from this point of view (and again should be avoided as not built around modern object models)
All approaches use basic asynchronous tools such as electronic mail, bulletin boards and searchable repositories
Can record synchronous sessions for later asynchronous replay
One need not chose any one approach as can support all of them with a (preferably database back ended) web site linked to a suite of collaboration tools
Note just as we can link asynchronous--synchronous--collaborative, we can also link education and training
  • Note modular educational objects naturally support smaller units of achievement certificates
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 26 What is Universal Acccess / Cross Disability Rendering?

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
This implies choosing a rendering method that best suits client user and respects
  • Any hardware constraints -- network bandwidth or screen resolution or client performance
  • Any sensory or physical limitations of user
e.g. Visually impaired would prefer audio rich rendering
e.g. Muscularly limited users would need appropriate interfaces
New Cascading Style Sheets can express this but need intelligent renderer to make correct decision and allow user to adjust choices
Further one needs decision at the stage of XML input and not after it has already been rendered into HTML
  • HTML expresses "meaning of document" by positioning and other means which are in general impossible to recognize and render in a cross disability fashion
Assume goal is equal and high quality rendering -- do not downgrade material to support cross disability rendering
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 27 If you believe these assertions

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
One needs to be able to
  • Share specification of object (event model of collaboration)
  • Deliver XML specification of shared object to participants
  • Provide engineered "Knowledge Patches" which are annotated modules with rich indices/metadata corresponding to 30 to 180 minutes lectures -- with distributed registration using Jini
  • Customize User profile
  • Render from profile to provide cross disability access
  • Provide digital versions of audio video conferencing, pointers, white boards etc.
  • Reliably deliver shared object with appropriate performance (Caching, proxy servers ...)
  • Monitor all of the above
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 28 What Objects should we look at first and what services do we need? (a.k.a. why do we only need to study web pages)

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
So Web documents are the natural choice but actually this doesn't say so much as they can have
  • Java Applets
  • Active X controls
  • General helper applications
And "everything" exports itself to the web including Microsoft Word and Macromedia authoring systems
  • Actually Microsoft Word is rumored to be moving to XML internal form and "Save as HTML" is a reasonable representation of most Word documents
So we expect dominant model to be Web documents constructed according to W3C DOM
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 29 What's wrong with Java Clients?

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Well there is the battles between Sun Netscape and Microsoft which makes Java on the client less robust than Java on the server
However Java allows to build totally general users interfaces and there appear to be no rules.
Thus it does not seem practical to build cross disability interfaces for arbitrary Java applet interfaces
On the other JavaScript and dynamic HTML can do many things that you might have thought one needed Java for
General Java visual interfaces need languages such as UML to describe interface object model?
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 30 What is Involved in Sharing Web Pages?

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
One needs to certainly share the basic page URL but also
  • Entries into forms specifying object to be accessed -- note sharing client side information implies sharing server side objects
  • Scrolled position on page
  • Dynamic HTML including CSS style parameters such as position
  • Mouse and Keyboard actions observed as events
  • selected (highlighted) content
  • internal JavaScript (but this is consequent to external actions i.e. to observed events)
JavaScript in principle allows one to identify relevant DOM components , change the rendering through choice of style attached to each component and so deliver a cross disability shared rendering
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 31 Document Object Tag Hierarchy

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Need good support of Web Document Object Model (in both system and developed curriculum) to support event sharing model, customization of cross disability rendering to document fragments and to allow powerful indexing of knowledge patches
HTML version of Basic Foils prepared April 17 1999

Foil 32 Hierarchical Object Components in a Web Page

From Minnowbrook -- the Virtual University After Dinner Talk to Dedicated AFOSR Research Team -- April 15 1999. *
Full HTML Index
Here is an example of a particular source document encoded in HTML:
<HTML>
<TITLE>My Technology home page</TITLE>
<BODY>
<H1>My biased technology home page</H1>
<P>Welcome to my home page! Let me tell you about my favorite technologies:
<UL>
<LI> Java/Jini
<LI> W3C/XML
<LI> CORBA/IIOP
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Component Objects in Web Page
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