1 | Each DTD element must either be a container element, or be empty (a place holder). Container elements may contain text, child elements, or a mixture of both. |
2 | DTD also specifies the names of attributes, and dictates which elements they may appear in. For each attribute it specifies whether it is optional or required. |
3 | DTD tree describing a book as containing a number of Chapter elements, with each chapter containing either a number of Paragraph elements, or a single Sections element |
4 | A particular document tree has a node for each actual chapter and paragraph present, and may omit some of the optional elements |