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Java language offers a uniform abstract (virtual) machine model which is identical for all platforms.
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SUN owns the Java Virtual Machine (see online report) -- it is universal while classes can be added by any user
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Unlike in C/C++ where various integers match the architecture of a physical machine at hand, Java byte, char short, int and long are always of the same size, equal to 8, 16, 16(unicode), 32 and 64 bits, respectively.
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No header files, preprocessors,#define etc.
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floating point is always IEEE 754
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Differences between vendor specific windowing environments (X Windows, MS Windows, Macintosh) are removed in terms of the Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT) metaphor.
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AWT is given by ~60 Java classes (alpha) which offer a universal GUI programming model, portable between UNIX, PC and Mac, and translated automatically to native windowing systems on individual platforms by Java interpreters.
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