java.lang Contains essential Java classes and is by default imported into every Java file and so import java.lang.* is unnecessary. Thread, Math, Object and Type Wrappers are here
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java.io contains classes to do I/O. This is not necessary (or even allowed!) for applets which can't do much I/O in Netscape!
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java.util contains various utility classes that didn't make it to java.lang. Date is here as are hashtables
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java.net contains classes to do network applications. This will be important for any distributed applications
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java.applet has the classes needed to support applets
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java.awt has the classes to support windowing -- The Abstract Windows Toolkit
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java.awt.image has image processing classes
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java.awt.peer is a secret set of classes with platform dependent details
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