WHAT IS HAP ?
Carrier's Hourly Analysis
Program (HAP) is two programs in one. One part estimates design
cooling and heating loads for commercial buildings to facilitate
HVAC system design. The other part estimates annual energy use
and operating costs so the performance of HVAC system design alternatives
can be compared.
WHO USES HAP ?
Consulting engineers, design/build
contractors, HVAC contractors, facility engineers and other professionals
involved in the design and analysis of commercial building HVAC
systems all use and benefit from HAP.
WHAT APPLICATIONS DOES
IT COVER ?
- Small, medium and large
commercial buildings.
- Systems ranging from PTACs
or fan coils to packaged rooftop units to built-up air handlers
and chillers.
- Constant volume, VAV and
many other airside control schemes.
- Office buildings, retail
stores, strip shopping centers, schools, churches, restaurants,
hotels, malls, hospitals, factories, multi-use buildings and many
more.
- New design, retrofit and
energy conservation work.
DESIGN LOAD ANALYSIS
HAP v3 advances the art of
HVAC load estimating by introducing the concept of system-based
design.
System-based design is a technique
which considers specific air-handling system features when performing
load estimating and system sizing calculations. This is important
because many systems have unique features which require special
sizing procedures. For example, consider Single Zone CAV, Multizone,
VAV, and Fan Powered Mixing Box systems. All contain different
components and operate in different ways. To provide high quality
system sizing data, the special features of each must be considered.
In the past, HVAC load estimating
programs calculated room loads and airflow rates, and system airflow
rates and coil loads without considering system specifics. This
data is useful for general studies and for preliminary design
when the system type is not known. HAP still offers these capabilities,
but also provides the option of going a step further to tailor
system sizing data to specific air handling designs and controls.
In HAP v3, general load estimating
and system-based design start with the basics. Access to design
weather data for hundreds of cities is at your fingertips. The
ability to define specific wall, roof, and window constructions.
Features for defining building design, layout, and operation
in as much or as little detail as necessary. The process then
continues by allowing the user to specify the type of system and
controls used to deliver cooling and heating to the building.
As much or as little detail as desired can be used. Sizing procedures
then are tailored to the system choice to provide high-quality
output listings for room loads and airflow rates, system coil
loads and fan airflow rates, and component load details.
ENERGY ANALYSIS
HAP v3 puts the power of sophisticated
8760-hour
energy simulations
at your fingertips in a practical, user-friendly package.
Energy analysis is the technique
of simulating building loads and HVAC equipment performance over
the course of a year to estimate energy use and operating cost.
By simulating performance for all 8760 hours in a year, HAP can
provide the most accurate estimates of energy use and operating
cost available. This is because HAP's simulations use actual
hourly weather data and consider true hour-to-hour and day-to-day
dynamic behavior of the building and its equipment. Considering
these factors is crucial when comparing performance differences
between alternate system designs, controls, or types of equipment.
Other energy analysis methods that utilize simpler, less accurate
average day or temperature bin methods cannot consider these factors.
In the past, 8760-hour simulation
methods have tended to be difficult to use, and required advanced
computer hardware. But by adapting a decade worth of experience
in the HVAC software field, Carrier has created an 8760-hour energy
analysis program that not only provides these powerful analysis
features, but at the same time runs on standard computer hardware,
and, most importantly, is easy to use. That program is HAP v3.
DESIGN LOAD FEATURES
Load Estimating Analysis
- System-based design loads
for sizing and selecting system fans, central cooling and heating
coils, air terminal equipment, space heating coils, preheat coils,
and central chiller.
- Uses ASHRAE-endorsed Transfer
Function cooling load calculation procedure and ASHRAE clear sky
solar algorithms.
- Uses ASHRAE procedure
for heating load calculations.
- Permits scheduling of
cooling and heating equipment operation from 1 to 24 hours per
day.
- Performs complete psychrometric
analysis with conditions adjusted for altitude.
- Calculates zone and coil
loads for 12 monthly design cooling days, and 24 hours per day.
Searches for maximum zone and cooling coil loads.
- Analyzes sloped roofs
and skylights.
- Analyzes building orientations
at any of 16 principal exposures.
- Analyzes external shading
due to overhangs, reveals, and fins.
- Analyzes effects of common
interior shading devices in reducing solar and transmission loads
through windows.
- Analyzes effects of common
window framing in reducing solar loads and heat transmission through
windows.
- Analyzes effects of thermostat
throttling range on zone cooling loads.
- Analyzes morning pulldown
loads.
- Analyzes return plenum
loads.
- Computes supply and return
fan brake horsepower and heat gain.
- Analyzes draw-thru and
blow-thru fan arrangements.
- Analyzes dehumidification
controls, economizers, exhaust heat reclaim equipment, humidifiers.
- Permits hourly scheduling
of lights, occupancy, electric appliances, and other miscellaneous
sensible and latent heat gains or losses.
- Calculates true zone relative
humidity.
MISCELLANEOUS DESIGN FEATURES
- Design weather for over
350 North American cities and over 200 international cities provided.
- Provides data for common
wall and roof constructions. Permits entry of other wall, roof
construction data.
- Provides data for common
windows. Permits entry of other window performance data.
- Built-in transfer function
coefficient generator.
- Storage for 1200 spaces
and 250 air systems, with up to 50 zones per air system and up
to 50 spaces per zone.
- Provides global editing
features.
- Permits rotation of building
easily.
- Outputs can be directed
to a file for use in word processors, spreadsheets, etc.
ENERGY ANALYSIS FEATURES
Simulation and Modeling Features
- Performs detailed 8760
hour-per-year simulation of airside and plant equipment.
- Uses ASHRAE-endorsed Transfer
Function load calculation procedure to generate cooling and heating
loads.
- Models all common air
conditioning systems including: constant volume, VAV, multizone,
dual duct, induction, mixing box, VVT, fan coils, PTACs, water-source
heat pumps, and radiant heating systems.
- Assigns equipment operating
schedules to each day of the week. Optional feature lets you
designate any days of the year as holidays.
- Offers part-load performance
models for common fans such as: forward-curved, backward-inclined,
airfoil, and vane-axial. Part-load performance data for other
types of fans may be entered.
- Permits hourly scheduling
of thermostats, cooling and heating equipment, and fans.
- Permits seasonal scheduling
of cooling and heating equipment.
- Analyzes dehumidification
controls, economizers, exhaust heat reclaim equipment, humidifiers.
- Offers performance models
for air-cooled and water-cooled packaged equipment, air-source
and water-source heat pumps.
- Offers performance models
for air-cooled and water-cooled chillers, absorption chillers,
and fuel-driven chillers.
- Offers combustion heating
(direct fired or hydronic) or electric resistance heating.
- Considers the effects
of part-load, condensing temperature, evaporator temperature,
and cooling pant control in plant simulations.
- Analyzes chiller networks
of up to 8 chillers in parallel.
- Analyzes open and closed-type
cooling towers.
- Analyzes pumping systems,
and includes pump heat gains and piping heat gain or loss.
- Analyzes Thermal Energy
Storage systems.
- Included domestic hot
water analysis.
- Analyzes complex electric
and gas rates, including demand charges.
Miscellaneous Features
- Uses the same building
and schedule data as Design Load portion of program; it is not
necessary to re-enter all of this data.
- Permits running simulations
as a batch procedure.
- Weather data available
for over 200 cities in North America.
- Able to adjust weather
data for daylight savings time.
- Storage for 250 air systems,
with up to 50 zones per air system and up to 50 spaces per zone.
- Storage for 100 plants,
with up to 250 air systems per plant.
- Storage for 20 buildings,
with up to 100 plants per building.
- Outputs can be redirected
to a file for use in word processors, spreadsheets, etc.
- Extensive use of presentation-quality
(VGA) graphical output.
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
- MS-DOS compatible microcomputer
- Minimum 540 kilobytes
of free conventional RAM.
- One hard disk & one
floppy disk drive.
- Color graphics monitor
recommended.
- Math coprocessor recommended.
- Compatible printer.
WEATHER DATA AVAILABLE
FOR DOWNLOAD
Weather data for use in the
hourly analysis section of HAP is organized into regional sets,
which are available for download. Regional weather data sets are
listed below.
- Northeast
USA & Eastern Canada
- Southeast
USA
- Midwest
USA
- Central
USA
- Rocky
Mountains USA
- Pacific
USA & Western Canada
- Canada
& USA Border Cities
- Latin
America
- Europe
- Africa
- Asia
Pacific
- International
Other