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Topology: star and mesh - islands linked by virtual point-to-point tunnels
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Tunneling - encapsulating the multicast packets inside regular IP packets -- allows multi-casting (multiple addresses for same packet with broadcast as an example where ALL get message). Most routers do not support multicasting and so must hide special multicast packet in conventional packet where insides are exposed by the special routers
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Multicasting can dramatically reduce network use if use well as if N recipients, only need 1 not N packets on trunk lines.
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TTL - time-to-live - field in a packet , decremented each time the packet passes through a router (prevent network links saturation)
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Protocols: IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol), DVMRP (Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol), RTP (Real Time Protocol over TCP/IP)
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A new site announces itself to the MBONE mail list, and the nearest providers decide who can establish the most logical connection path
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Compression: JPEG, H.261, Wavelet-based encoding, PCM (audio)
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