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GLOBAL foilset Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL

Given by Gang Cheng, C.W. Ou, Geoffrey C. Fox at CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science on Winter-Spring Semester 96. Foils prepared 4 April 1996
Abstract * Foil Index for this file See also color IMAGE

The Strengths, Weaknesses and Synergy of Web and Database Technologies
Architectures of Web and Oracle RDBMS Integration
A Technical Overview of The Oracle-Web Integration
using wowstub and PL/SQL
Examples of a Web-based Search Interface for the Phone List Database

Table of Contents for full HTML of Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL

1 CPS 616 January-April 1996 Computational Science Track on Base Technology for the Information Age:
Oracle RDBMS and Web Integration
Web/Oracle Module 3: Integration of WWW and Oracle RDBMS
2 Abstract of Web/Oracle Module 3: Integration of WWW and Oracle RDBMS
3 Key points of Web Technology
4 Strengths of Web Technology
5 Weak Points in Web Technology
6 Key points in database technology - I
7 Key points in database technology - II
8 The Synergy of Web Networking and Database Technologies - I
9 Web-Database Synergy - II
10 By integrating a database server into Web technology, a web server can be enhanced with:
11 By integrating Web into database technology, a database server can be enhanced with:
12 NPAC Web-Database Applications
13 Importance for Key Communities
14 Networking and Client-Server Archtecture in WWW - I
15 Networking and Client-Server Archtecture in WWW - II
16 Two Different Strategies for WWW Client-Server Interactions - I
17 Two Different Strategies for WWW Client-Server Interactions - II
18 Basic Features In Database Access -- A SQL-based Query Interface
19 Basic Client-Server model
20 Major Approaches and Components for Interfacing Web into DB Server Environment
21 Basic WWW DB Integration Model
22 The Oracle-Web Integration: A Technical Overview
23 Oracle-Web Integration Architecture
24 Oracle Web Agent
25 Oracle Web Agent Components
26 Oracle Approach to Web Information - I
27 Oracle Approach to Web Information - II
28 Why Use PL/SQL ?
29 Oracle Web Agent: Dynamic Creation of HTML
30 Anatomy of a Web Agent URL
31 The WOW OCI program (wowstub)
32 WebServer Developer's Toolkit
33 Examples of the Use of HTP and HTF - I
34 Examples of the Use of HTP and HTF - II
35 An Web/Oracle Example - Query A Person's Phone Number by Last or First Name From a Web Page
36 Web/Oracle Example Overall Set Up - CGI Script - II
37 The PL/SQL Package For Phone Example - I
38 The PL/SQL Package For Phone Example - II
39 The Web Page - Search Interface - I
40 The Web Page - Search Interface - II
41 More Examples of PL/SQL Procedures for Web/Oracle Application
42 Oracle's Latest WebServer 2.0 - I
43 Oracle's Latest WebServer 2.0 - II
44 Web-oracle Mail Database: a case study of integrating Oracle7 database server into Web
45 The Entity-Relation Model
46 Functionality of the mail database
47 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 1: Home Page for the Web-Mail Database
48 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 2: Query the Mailbox
49 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 3: Query the Folder -- Choose a Folder
50 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 4: Query the Folder
51 Query by mail header
52 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 5: Query by Mail Header -- Choose a Folder
53 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 6: Query by mail header
54 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 14: Query Result -- Browse Mail Body --1
55 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 15: Query Result -- Browse Mail Body --2
56 Query by date
57 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 7: Query by Date --1
58 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 8: Query by Date --2
59 Query by Subject
60 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 9: Query by Subject --1
61 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 10: Query by Subject --2
62 Query by Sender
63 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 11: Query by Sender
64 Incorporating new mail into the Database from your UNIX mailbox --I
65 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 12: Incorporate New Mail from Web Page -- Choose a folder
66 Incorporating new mail into the Database from your UNIX mailbox --II
67 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 13: Incorporate New Mail
68 Format of Query results from all query options
69 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 6: Query by mail header
70 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 14: Query Result -- Browse Mail Body --1
71 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 15: Query Result -- Browse Mail Body --2
72 Query options to be added in the future to Oracle-based Web Mail System
73 Some Current(January 96) NPAC Web-RDBMS Activities -- Enterprise Information Systems(EIS)
74 Some Current(January 96) NPAC Web-RDBMS Activities -- Full Text Web Search System
75 Some Current(January 96) NPAC Web-RDBMS Activities -- Mixture of well Structured and Full Text Entitities
76 Some Current(January 96) NPAC Web-RDBMS Activities -- Parallel Server Technology

This table of Contents Abstract

HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 1 CPS 616 January-April 1996 Computational Science Track on Base Technology for the Information Age:
Oracle RDBMS and Web Integration
Web/Oracle Module 3: Integration of WWW and Oracle RDBMS

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Instructor: Geoffrey Fox
Version 3 April 96
teamed with Gang Cheng, Chao-Wei Ou
Syracuse University
111 College Place
Syracuse
New York 13244-4100
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 2 Abstract of Web/Oracle Module 3: Integration of WWW and Oracle RDBMS

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
The Strengths, Weaknesses and Synergy of Web and Database Technologies
Architectures of Web and Oracle RDBMS Integration
A Technical Overview of The Oracle-Web Integration
using wowstub and PL/SQL
Examples of a Web-based Search Interface for the Phone List Database
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 3 Key points of Web Technology

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Characteristics
  • Current main components: HTTP; HTML; CGI; Fillout Form
  • Client-server communication model
  • (Flat hierarchical UNIX) File system as the major file (data) management system
main WWW components (before Java, VRML, LiveMedia etc.):
  • HTTP: the transport protocol - performs the request and retrieve functions to display objects
  • HTML: the makeup language - language used to author Web pages
  • URL - Uniform Resource Locator - addressing system for Web documents
  • CGI: an interface to extend HTTP and HTML- allows the Web server to execute a program to produce dynamic HTML documents
  • Fill-Out Form: a set of HTML constructs to allow clients passing run-time input data to server through GUI interface
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 4 Strengths of Web Technology

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Established Internet as the major vehicle in networking industry
Universal, hyperlinked information access and dissemination
Transparent networking navigation and GUI with multimedia information access for information dissemination--- a killer networking application
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 5 Weak Points in Web Technology

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Static, browser-oriented client (unless Java or JavaScript enabled)
Tedious to manage and update (HTML) files on the server side difficult to keep pages of data updated automatically --- modification usually done by a human using word processor or editing tools
A plain UNIX file system as "database" only supports primitive functions such as open,read/write and close
More powerful operations on files are required for an information system which are supposed to provide information instead of raw data.
e.g. need: low-level data manipulation operators such as those provided in RDBMS: select, insert, update, commit, rollback,etc
Meaningful information needs to be generated on-the-fly from raw data
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Foil 6 Key points in database technology - I

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Characteristics
  • Relational tables in RDBMS as the major data model for tightly controlled information management, retrieval and processing
  • Client-server as the major communication model
  • Main components: search engine; SQL; procedure languages with embedded SQL; GUI application interfaces to DBMS;
main RDBMS components
  • a search engine: the database management system
  • SQL: the query language
  • embedded SQL interfaces: interfaces to extend the SQL non-procedure programming in high-level programming languages
  • database tools: various (GUI) application interfaces to the DBMS
  • client-server as the major communication model
  • customized proprietary network protocols built on TCP/IP as the major transport protocol
  • focus on file management and I/O processing for a powerful text-based searching and data manipulation system
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Foil 7 Key points in database technology - II

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Strengths
  • Database server stores, manipulates and manages data in a powerful, high functionality information system
  • Supports design of data system with complex relationships
  • Supports complex, precise, customized access requests
  • Easy to automate most data update processes
  • Information retrieved is as current as the database
Weaknesses
  • Network access not universal or portable: employs proprietary network protocols & requires client license for each end user
  • Plain-text -- no links to, support for multimedia
  • Isolated from links to information outside database system
  • Nonstandard browsers (most are line-based) or proprietary forms
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 8 The Synergy of Web Networking and Database Technologies - I

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Database techniques used in Web technology
  • data storage and data caching
  • index searching
  • data processing
Networking techniques used in database technology
  • distributed database
  • two-phase commit
  • data replication
  • client/server model
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Foil 9 Web-Database Synergy - II

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Web server integrated with database is enhanced with:
  • Powerful backend text searching engine for complex queries
  • Representation and organization of (often complex) logical relationships among many information entities
  • Optimizable search performance in large information systems
  • Real time creation of up-to-date HTML documents
Database server linked to web server is enhanced with:
  • Ability to share data globally for maximum information dissemination
  • Ability to add data globally for remote collaborations
  • Transparent Web browser interface for remote database server access
  • Universal Web interface supports hypertext-added data retrieval
  • Integrated multi-media information system
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 10 By integrating a database server into Web technology, a web server can be enhanced with:

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
A powerful backend text searching engine supporting complex queries an efficient, reliable and sophisticated data management system supporting representation and organization of logical relationships among information entities
A dynamic data processing engine, provided with opportunity for optimized searching performance in large information systems
A time-dimension added HTML programming engine which displays latest available data.
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Foil 11 By integrating Web into database technology, a database server can be enhanced with:

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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A transparent networking interface for remote database server access
A universal GUI-based search interface for hypertext-added data retrieval
A truly globally-shared data system for maximum information dissemination
  • Note Oracle used to hold "meta-data" and text indices to our video on demand servers
  • video stored in "flat files"
An integrated multi-media information system
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Foil 12 NPAC Web-Database Applications

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Mail databases: internal corporate utility
  • Input from mh mail handler; access password protected
  • Query single folder or all folders simultaneously
    • by date, subject keywords, sender, mail header:
Usenet Newsgroups: http://asknpac.npac.syr.edu/
  • Input from Usenet feed; public access
  • Query single group or multiple newsgroups simultaneously
    • by keywords, date, URL, sender, others
Education databases
  • Living Schoolbook NY State Image database
  • Travel Venture database
  • Whalenet and Environmental K12 databases (under development)
Health care: demo patient record database
Oracle SQL*TextRetrieval full text search of 3 online books
Corporate product databases (under development)
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Foil 13 Importance for Key Communities

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Education
  • Supports school access to organized data in many disciplines
  • Supports multi-school projects doing data collection and sharing
  • Multimedia links provide organization of visual, audio material
Research
  • Provides universal access to major research databases
    • Examples, protein & other biomolecular database (data + applications)
  • Provides universal interfaces for data entry with data validation done by database procedures
  • Can link research databases with online publications or abstracts
Industry
  • Can enhance marketing websites
  • Improves support for distributed dealerships and/or customer helplines
  • Provides framework for internal enterprise systems, groupware
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 14 Networking and Client-Server Archtecture in WWW - I

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Basic features in HTTP protocol -- a client-server model:
  • Single transaction per connection:
  • Stateless nature of the connection: end-user's previous connection run-time input will not be seen by current connection
  • client & server open the connection --->
  • client sends request messages to server --->
  • server locates requested information and sends
  • response requested back to client ----> client & server close the connection (note each URL accessed represents a separate connection process)
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 15 Networking and Client-Server Archtecture in WWW - II

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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The Web is Stateless
  • each GET or POST request from a Web browser to the Web server is independent of the other
  • unlike client-server database connections, no concept of a session between a Web browser and Web server
  • no persistence of data between successive GET or POST requests from the same Web browser
Fill-out forms are used for the server to accept clients run-time input from a HTML page
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 16 Two Different Strategies for WWW Client-Server Interactions - I

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Pre-edited HTML files (links) ---
  • static and plain ASCII read-only files,
  • identified by a file path;
  • exist on disk;
  • no need to process when used by the server (server performance is only determined by disk -> core memory I/O transfer)
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 17 Two Different Strategies for WWW Client-Server Interactions - II

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
CGI scripts --- programs (shell,perl,programming languages) to
  • Generate data (usually in HTML format) to be returned to the server
  • (which will then be transferred to the requesting client in HTTP protocol);
  • the resultant data are dynamically generated on the fly; pipes are used to feed the output (via STDOUT) to server; server performance is only determined by CPU processing)
CGI is Interface for running external programs on a Web server
  • Web server is configured to realize that any request for a file in a specific directory or with a specific filename extension are to be executed instead of served
  • Allows Web servers to create dynamic documents which only get created when they are requested by a browser
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 18 Basic Features In Database Access -- A SQL-based Query Interface

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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SQL is the standard way to extract(query) data out from the database
  • low-level SQL-based interfaces are available on different vendors RDBMS
Most commonly used one: Embedded SQL in C but we discussed PL/SQL and oraperl
SQL programs: static (compiled) SQL and dynamic (interpreted) SQL
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Foil 19 Basic Client-Server model

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Clients send SQL statements to server --->
Server parses, executes the SQL against the current database --->
returned rows are buffered in server's core memory --->
Server fetches buffered rows and sends them to clients
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Foil 20 Major Approaches and Components for Interfacing Web into DB Server Environment

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Embedded SQL in C + CGI (C program)
Form-based relational querying and text searching
Different approaches such as PL/SQL or oraperl for different vendor's RDBMS systems (Sybase,Oracle,Informix, DB2, etc)
More details can be found at "http://greatwall.npac.syr.edu:1963/PDB/web-db.html"
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Foil 21 Basic WWW DB Integration Model

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Web Server and DB client must be on the same machine
DB client and DB server can be on different machine and a proprietary networking protocol (e.g., SQL*NET for Oracle7) is used
Inter-process Comunication (IPC) is used for the Web server to communicate with DB client on the same machine
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 22 The Oracle-Web Integration: A Technical Overview

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Integrates Oracle7 databases with the Web
Manage Web information effectively
Provides transaction logic and integrity to Web applications
Uses PL/SQL stored procedures to build dynamic HTML documents on the fly
Bring all the benefits of Oracle7 to the Web, including portability, scalability, manageability, and gateway technology
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 23 Oracle-Web Integration Architecture

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Foil 24 Oracle Web Agent

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Facilitates the creation of dynamic HTML documents via PL/SQL
Provides an easy way to publish existing Oracle data on the World Wide Web
Web data can be stored in an Oracle DB which will make it much simpler to manage and manipulate
Provides utilities which take care of the repetitive tasks associated with building a CGI application
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 25 Oracle Web Agent Components

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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An OCI (Oracle Call Interface) program called wowstub (or owa in Oracle WebServer) which serves as the actual CGI program
Two PL/SQL packages (HTP and HTF) that contain utilities to automatically generate HTML tags
(optional to Oracle WebServer)
  • A PL/SQL package called owa which contains utilities used by the OCI program to set up the CGI environment variables, etc.
  • A utility to administer the Web Agent via HTML forms
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 26 Oracle Approach to Web Information - I

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Data and SQL Engine
  • use tables, instead of static files, to store data
  • build a schema on data tables to define data and the relationships of different information entities (the relational model)
  • Web pages can be created, managed and delivered in more powerful way
  • SQL operators for data and file processing: Select data from tables to provide accurate and up-to-date information, and data can be entered, updated through a web page to keep a consistent information base
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 27 Oracle Approach to Web Information - II

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Procedural and programmable mechanism
Use PL/SQL for data manipulation and processing. PL/SQL:
  • Oracle's procedural SQL application development language
  • support stored procedures, database triggers, optimized concurrent data access, and executable programs as meta-data (i.e., programs are stored together with and attached to the data objects to be manipulated on)
  • a programming language between C and SQL: loops, decisions, modules and function calls, subroutines, etc.
  • database server is both a SQL engine and a computing engine
  • programmable HTML pages - program dynamic html pages on the fly
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 28 Why Use PL/SQL ?

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Performance: tends to execute faster than regular SQL code becuse it doesn't need to be parsed and interpreted before executing
Portable across all Oracle platforms: resides completely inside the database thus is 100% portable to any platform that Oracle7 runs on
Modularity: has procedure,package etc mechanisms for software development in modules
Why not? Not portable to other databases!
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Foil 29 Oracle Web Agent: Dynamic Creation of HTML

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Web pages created on the fly to include data dynamically obtained from Oracle7
Oracle7 stored Web related information
Web pages are therefore always up to date
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Foil 30 Anatomy of a Web Agent URL

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Typical URL - http://www.npac.syr.edu/cgi-bin/wow/mypkg.myplsql
http - specifies protocol to use
www.npac.syr.edu - specifies hostname
cgi-bin/wow - specific the OCI program that needs to be executed
mypkg - specifies the PL/SQL package that wow will invoke
myplsql - specifies the PL/SQL procedure that wow will invoke
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 31 The WOW OCI program (wowstub)

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Extract the PL/SQL package and procedure name embedded in URL and log on to the DB
Set up the parameters passed from the Web server so that they are accessible to the PL/SQL procedure
Execute the PL/SQL procedure which extracts data from DB and formats it into an HTML document stored in a PL/SQL table
Take the HTML document and write it to standard output
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Foil 32 WebServer Developer's Toolkit

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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utility packages that simplify the generation of HTML documents from within PL/SQL (HTP and HTF packages)
each HTML tag has a corresponding function and procedure
the procedure generates a line of output in a PL/SQL table
when the entire document is done, the OCI program (wowstub) takes the contents of the PL/SQL table and writes it to standard output
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Foil 33 Examples of the Use of HTP and HTF - I

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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HyperText Procedures (HTP)
  • A HTP procedure generates a line in an HTML document that contains the HTML tag that corresponds to its name
  • For example, htp.url('http://www.npac.syr.edu',
  • 'NPAC Home Page')
  • actually prints the text:
  • <a href="http://www.npac.syr.edu
  • ">NPAC Home Page</a>
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Foil 34 Examples of the Use of HTP and HTF - II

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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HTF (HyperText Functions) is the corresponding package which contains PL/SQL functions for generating HTML tags
i.e. it returns HTML string whereas HTP writes HTML
  • Analogous to printf(HTP) versus sprintf(HTF)
  • HTF functions are used only when the programmer needs to nest calls
  • For example, htp.url('http://www.npac.syr.edu',
  • htf.italic('NPAC Home Page'))
  • prints out the text:
  • <a href="http://www.npac.syr.edu">
  • <i>NPAC Home Page</i> </a>
Details about syntax and use of each procedure and function in HTP and HTF can be found from the handout
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Foil 35 An Web/Oracle Example - Query A Person's Phone Number by Last or First Name From a Web Page

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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A PL/SQL package called "example" defined by a Oracle user 'cps616' with password 'xyz'.
  • One procedure "get_phoneno_by_name" is defined in the package.
Assume a host machine runs a Web server (http://myhost) and a Oracle RDBMS server (ORACLE_SID = myoracle_server, ORACLE_HOME=/usr/oracle)
The user 'cps616' has a CGI path as http://myhost/cgi-bin/cps616 in which a CGI script named 'wow' is set up as on following foil:
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Foil 36 Web/Oracle Example Overall Set Up - CGI Script - II

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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#!/bin/csh
# Specify which Oracle server to use
setenv ORACLE_HOME /usr/oracle
setenv ORACLE_SID nodb
# specify Oracle user and password
setenv WOW_UID 'cps616/xyz'
# point to where the Web Agent executable is located
/usr/oracle/wow-src/wowstub $1
exit
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 37 The PL/SQL Package For Phone Example - I

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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CREATE PACKAGE EXAMPLE is procedure get_phoneno_by_name(name IN VARCHAR2); -- only one procedure
END EXAMPLE;
CREATE PACKAGE BODY EXAMPLE is
  • CREATE PROCEDURE get_phoneno_by_name(name IN VARCHAR2) IS
  • CURSOR person_cur(cname IN VARCHAR2) IS
  • SELECT last_name,first_name,phone_no,phone_type
    • from person_info_table,phone_list_table WHERE
    • (person_info_table.person_id = phone_list_table.person_id) AND
    • (last_name LIKE ('%' || LOWER(cname) || '%' ) OR
    • first_name LIKE ('%' || LOWER(cname) || '%'));
    • lname person_info_table.last_name%TYPE; -- a variable to hold last name
    • fname person_info_table.first_name%TYPE; -- a variable to hold first name
    • phone phone_list_table.phone_no%TYPE; -- a variable to hold phone no.
    • ptype phone_list_table.phone_type%TYPE; -- a variable to hold phone type
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 38 The PL/SQL Package For Phone Example - II

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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BEGIN
  • htp.htitle('Query Results');
  • htp.ulistOpen;
  • OPEN person_cur(name); -- open the cursor
  • LOOP; -- Fetch each row matching the query into variables repeatedly
  • FETCH person_cur INTO lname,fname,phone,ptype;
  • EXIT WHEN person_cur%NOTFOUND; -- check end of result buffer
/* print out the query result */
htp.p(htp.item||'The ' || ptype ||' phone no. of ' || fname || ' '
|| lname || ': ' || phone);
END LOOP;
CLOSE person_cur; -- close the cursor after it is done
htp.ulistClose;
END get_person_by_name;
END EXAMPLE;
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 39 The Web Page - Search Interface - I

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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A HTML form page to accept user search input and invoke the CGI script on the web server to access the database
  • <html><header> <title>A Web/Oracle Phonebook Example</title></header>
  • <body>
  • <form action= "http://myhost/cps616/wow/
  • get_phoneno_by_name" >
  • Enter Last or First Name: <input type = "text" name= "name" value= "" >
  • </form></body></html>
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 40 The Web Page - Search Interface - II

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Query results are displayed in another Web page as (if user typed in 'geoffrey')
<html><header>
<title>Query Results</title></header>
<body><h1>Query Results</h1>
<ul>
<li>The office phone no. of Geoffrey Fox: 3154434889
<li>The home phone no. of Geoffrey Fox: 3154238422
</ul>
</body>
</html>
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 41 More Examples of PL/SQL Procedures for Web/Oracle Application

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Details of the phone-list example can be found from the handout or at http://pacman.npac.syr.edu:1996
Further application examples can be found at
  • a searchable USENET newsgroups archive - http://asknpac.syr.edu
  • Travel Venture Database and several other databases - http://kayak.npac.syr.edu:1963
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 42 Oracle's Latest WebServer 2.0 - I

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Overview - The Oracle WebServer is a HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Internet Server with unprecedented database integration and a powerful development environment.
The Web Listener - This is the portion of the WebServer that interfaces to the local network or the World Wide Web.
The Secure Sockets Layer - Use's SSL with public key encryption.
The Web Server Manager - The set of Web pages you can use to perform most WebServer administration functions.
The CGI Interface - The standard Web mechanism for executing applications on a Web server.
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 43 Oracle's Latest WebServer 2.0 - II

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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The Web Request Broker (WRB) - The core of the WebServer. An asynchronous request broker with an open API that Oracle WebServer uses to execute applications on the server.
The PL/SQL Agent - The program the Oracle WebServer uses to execute procedures written in PL/SQL, Oracle's application development language, on the Oracle7 Server.
Java - The language for developing distributed network applications. Oracle WebServer enables you to execute Java either on the WebServer itself or on the client's browser.
LiveHTML - A way to embed dynamic content in Web pages. This content can be either other Web pages or the output of scripts run by the Operating System. LiveHTML is an Oracle extension of the NCSA standard Server Side Includes functionality.
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 44 Web-oracle Mail Database: a case study of integrating Oracle7 database server into Web

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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implemented using wow
another Web interface to MH mailbox (similar to xmh but under web)
a enhanced backend mail archives server with advanced search capability
basic components
  • a MH mail -> Mail tables parser in perl
  • a Entity-Relation Model for mails
  • a PL/SQL package for basic data query and processing functionality
  • the CPS600 demonstration mail database is available at URL: http://kayak.npac.syr.edu:1963, under CPS600's Demo Mail Database
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 45 The Entity-Relation Model

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Note: field definition of each table is not shown here;
Inserting a parsed MH mail into the database will affect the tables:
folder,msg header,msg body and people
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Foil 46 Functionality of the mail database

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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home page --- generated by a PL/SQL procedure which first stores the client's information of the current connection to a 'visitor' table and then generates links of query options. clients history can be easily pull over from the database. (fig. 1)
query the mailbox --- find out the summary information about the mailbox (fig. 2)
query the folder --- choose a folder from all folders currently available in the database (fig. 3), and find out summary information of the chosen folder (fig. 4)
All the above queries are summary information which are meta-data (accumulated or statistic data about basic tables) and produced at the time when clients requested (done by simple SQL calculation statements)
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 47 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 1: Home Page for the Web-Mail Database

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Produced by Gang Cheng April 1995

There is a larger Better Quality Image available
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Foil 48 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 2: Query the Mailbox

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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There is a larger Better Quality Image available
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Foil 49 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 3: Query the Folder -- Choose a Folder

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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There is a larger Better Quality Image available
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Foil 50 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 4: Query the Folder

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Foil 51 Query by mail header

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Client chooses all folders or a folder currently available in the database (fig. 5)
browse all mail headers (show msgid,date,sender,size in bytes and subject) (fig. 6)
show chosen mail's body after the mail header browsing (fig. 14)
optionally show the complete original MH mail in UNIX mailbox (fig. 15)
Note that full table scan only on the msg header table is required to list all the mail header in a folder (msg body is not touched during the header browsing).
This is Optimized browsing performance, compared to MH header browsing where header and body are stored in a single file and are not indexed
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 52 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 5: Query by Mail Header -- Choose a Folder

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Produced by Gang Cheng April 1995

There is a larger Better Quality Image available
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Foil 53 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 6: Query by mail header

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Produced by Gang Cheng April 1995

There is a larger Better Quality Image available
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Foil 54 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 14: Query Result -- Browse Mail Body --1

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Produced by Gang Cheng April 1995

There is a larger Better Quality Image available
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Foil 55 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 15: Query Result -- Browse Mail Body --2

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Produced by Gang Cheng April 1995

There is a larger Better Quality Image available
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Foil 56 Query by date

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Most recent five mails currently in the db
mail related to now (the exact time as clients click the query-by-date page) in all folders:
  • the same hour/day/week/month/ (this hour/today/this week/this month)
  • one day before the same day (last hour/yesterday/last week/last month) (fig . 7)
mail related to today (the same day as clients click the query-by-date page) in selected folders:
  • N days/weeks/months ago from today (N >=0)
  • N hours ago from now
mail at any specified time or within any specified time range. Choose from hour(1-12), am/pm, day(1-31), month(1-12), year (fig. 8)
system clock will be consulted to form above queries
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 57 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 7: Query by Date --1

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Produced by Gang Cheng April 1995

There is a larger Better Quality Image available
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Foil 58 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 8: Query by Date --2

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Produced by Gang Cheng April 1995

There is a larger Better Quality Image available
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Foil 59 Query by Subject

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Query by a keyword --- return mails containing the entered keyword (non-indexed pattern matching, future option: context searching using Oracle TextServer search engine) (fig. 9, 10)
the keyword can be a typed in or chosen from a table of previously entered keywords
search in all folders or a selected folder from currently available folders in the DB
search keyword occurrence in:
  • both mail header (subject line) and body, or
  • mail header only, or
  • mail body only
search with either case insensitive or sensitive for the keyword
typein keyword will or will not be added to the DB table for future use or keyword in the current DB table will or will not be removed from the DB
database insert/delete operations are used to add/remove keywords
in the table --- the power of remembering clients interactions on the web
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 60 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 9: Query by Subject --1

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Foil 61 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 10: Query by Subject --2

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Foil 62 Query by Sender

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Query all mail sent from a selected sender, based on all senders gathered in the current mail database (fig. 11)
sender is uniquely identified by his/her userid
a specified folder can be used to narrow the searching, as in many other query options
Note the sender list is not pre-entered or edited. It is automatically built when a new mail is being incorporated into the database from the MH mail folder by the parser --- another dynamic feature of web-db integration
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 63 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 11: Query by Sender

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Foil 64 Incorporating new mail into the Database from your UNIX mailbox --I

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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For security and database consistence reason, userid/password at the database level (not Mosaic page-level) is enforced to update the database (fig. 12)
Two kinds of folders: MH folder in UNIX file system and folder table in the database system. They hold the same information but in different places.
Original MH mail (in MH format) in a folder must be converted into the database tables (in Oracle table format) to enable all the above query options on the Oracle db server
Assume each database folder must have a unique MH folder in UNIX file system. The database folder is created when the first mail in the UNIX MH folder is being incorporated in the database
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 65 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 12: Incorporate New Mail from Web Page -- Choose a folder

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Foil 66 Incorporating new mail into the Database from your UNIX mailbox --II

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Before incorporating new mail from a UNIX folder, the PL/SQL procedure first finds out current maximum msg id in the corresponding DB folder and only try to parse/incorporate those MH mails with msg id greater than the maximum msg id in DB (fig. 13)
If the the MH folder contains subfolders, new mails in all subfolders will be considered to incorporate, and this is a recursive process.
Implemented by both a perl script (for parsing) and PL/SQL procedures
A time-intensive process as insertions may be occurred on up to four DB tables which are indexed. But this process can be done in batch !
Incorporating can be done at the same time when other query options are requested by other clients on the web. The DB server will ensure the query concurrency and data consistency --- a reliable information system !
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 67 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 13: Incorporate New Mail

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Foil 68 Format of Query results from all query options

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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List of mail headers satisfying the query (show msgid,date,sender,size in bytes and subject) (fig. 6)
Show chosen mail's body after the mail header browsing (fig. 14)
Optionally show the complete original MH mail in UNIX mailbox (fig. 15)
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 69 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 6: Query by mail header

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Produced by Gang Cheng April 1995

There is a larger Better Quality Image available
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Foil 70 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 14: Query Result -- Browse Mail Body --1

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Produced by Gang Cheng April 1995

There is a larger Better Quality Image available
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Foil 71 Web to Oracle Interface Screen 15: Query Result -- Browse Mail Body --2

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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Foil 72 Query options to be added in the future to Oracle-based Web Mail System

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Query the People
Query By Mail Type
Query By Date and Sender
Query By Date and Subject
Query By Date and Sender and Subject
Interface the mail database with WebMail tools (CPS600 server)
Another example using WOW for a similar database can be found at
http://kayak.npac.syr.edu:1963 under link TravelVenture Demo for "travel agency" application
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 73 Some Current(January 96) NPAC Web-RDBMS Activities -- Enterprise Information Systems(EIS)

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Use Oracle Database Server for Well-structured Information Entities
WWW Interface to access Oracle-based EIS
Central New York Tourism Image Database -- Living Schoolbook
Patient Record Database Prototype -- will enhance with customizable Java frontend
See http://kayak.npac.syr.edu:1963
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 74 Some Current(January 96) NPAC Web-RDBMS Activities -- Full Text Web Search System

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Use Oracle RDBMS Server and Oracle's Context Server Technology as Indexing and Search Engines
Use High Performance and Intelligent Web agents to gather local and/or remote Web Pages
Customizable (form based) Web Search Interface
See example as on-line HTML book search (Solving Problems on Concurrent Processors)
Search programming/close captioning attached to digital video database (Living Schoolbook)
Search traditional text based CD-Rom's (NewsBank in Living SchoolBook)
and search on 30,000 URL's in NPAC Web Site (http://kayak.npac.syr.edu:1963/search
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 75 Some Current(January 96) NPAC Web-RDBMS Activities -- Mixture of well Structured and Full Text Entitities

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Oracle RDBMS server as core engine for relational data
Oracle's Context Server to deal with non-structures full-text data
Example is mail or searchable USENET Newsgroups archives --
see http://asknpac.npac.npac.syr.edu
Here To,From,Date,Subject are structured fields
Body of mail message is unstructured
HELP! * YELLOW=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared 4 April 1996

Foil 76 Some Current(January 96) NPAC Web-RDBMS Activities -- Parallel Server Technology

From Web-Oracle Integration focussing on use of PL/SQL CPS616 Basic Information Track for Computational Science -- Winter-Spring Semester 96. * See also color IMAGE
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Migrating many of above projects to SP2 -- currently 4 wide nodes
Use Parallel Oracle7 on IBM SP2 (V7.3 beta, Parallel Server and query Options)
i.e. use Parallelism from multiple users and within query
Multiple Web Servers and Oracle RDBMS Instances supporting single client image for database and search interface
See http://128.230.3.39:1963
Northeast Parallel Architectures Center, Syracuse University, npac@npac.syr.edu

If you have any comments about this server, send e-mail to webmaster@npac.syr.edu.

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