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GLOBAL foilset The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java as a High Performance Computational Science and Simulation Language

Given by Geoffrey C. Fox,Wojtek Furmanski at Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis on Oct 3-4 1996. Foils prepared Sept 30 1996
Abstract * Foil Index for this file Addon See also color IMAGE

We describe some of forces and issues which we suggest will lead to Java emerging as the dominant language for scientific and engineering computation.
One Force is the new complex architectures expected for future high performance (petaflop) computers
This implies that other aspects of the Web will become important and in particular Web Servers will be used as a network(web) of computer servers which will allow powerful integration of data and compute services as a "server-server" infrastructure
  • Some of this is the natural consequence of the WebWindows picture of future software infrastructure
  • Here "HPF on the Web" Programming Laboratory as an example
We discuss both intrinsic reasons why
  • Java is more attractive than Fortran77/90 for Computational Science (I.e. Scientific and Engineering Computation)
  • and Issues in extending Java to support both coordination and data parallelism (HPJava)

Table of Contents for full HTML of The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java as a High Performance Computational Science and Simulation Language

1 Computing in 2007:
Future PetaFlop Architectures
Java as the the Language for High Performance Computational Science
and Simulation
Invited Presentation: International Conference on Parallel Computing
Minnesota Oct 3-4,96
http://www.npac.syr.edu/users/gcf/javaforcsefall96/index.html
2 Abstract of Java for Computational Science
3 Supercomputer Architectures in Years 2005-2010 -- I
4 Supercomputer Architectures in Years 2005-2010 -- II
5 Supercomputer Architectures in Years 2005-2010 -- III
6 Performance Per Transistor
7 Comparison of Supercomputer Architectures
8 Some Key Observations on PetaSoft Software
9 Hierarchy from Application to Complex Computer
10 Time for a Software Revolution?
11 The Current HPCC Program Execution Model (PEM) illustratrated by MPI/HPF
12 The PetaSoft Program Execution Model
13 Classes of Simulations and their High Performance Needs
14 Some Critical Features of Java and Parallelism - I
15 Some Critical Features of Java and Parallelism - II
16 Some Critical Features of Java as a Programming Language
17 Comparison of Java and Fortran 77/90
18 Isn't the Web hardware and software too slow to be interesting for HPCC? -Java- I
19 Performance of Java is Dreadful!
20 LinPack Java Performance Updated to Sept 30 1996
21 Isn't the Web hardware and software too slow to be interesting for HPCC? -Java- II
22 Hierarchy from Application to Complex Computer
23 Isn't the Web hardware and software too slow to be interesting for HPCC? -Java- III
24 Issues in Use of Web Servers as a Compute Net - I
25 Open Universal WebWindows --
A Revolution in the Software Industry!
26 The WebWindows Operating System
27 36:Unique Features of WebVM Architecture
28 38:WebVM/WebFlow Architecture
29 45:WebVM Components: Implementation Options
30 Issues in Use of Web Servers as a Compute Net - II
31 RSA130 Factorization is completed!
32 NCSA Biology Workbench
33 Isn't the Web hardware and software too slow to be interesting for HPCC? - IV
34 PCRC Naturally Fits in with WebWork
35 Isn't the Web hardware and software too slow to be interesting for HPCC? - V
36 Synergy of InterNet and IntraNets
37 Let us Examine Issues with an Example -- "HPF on the Web" - I
38 A WWVM based on Web and PVM Technologies
39 HPF/MPI Programming Laboratory on the Web
40 Let us Examine Issues with an Example -- "HPF on the Web" - II
41 Kivanc Dincer's Java FrontEnd to Pablo - I
42 Applications of Java for Visualization/GUI Builder
43 Main Window for Java Interface to Distributed Computing Environment
44 Screens Opened for Java Interface to Distributed Computing Environment
45 Network of Web Servers and Clients
46 Remarks on HPJava -- Data Parallel Java - I
47 Remarks on HPJava -- Data Parallel Java - II
48 Suggested Action Items at NPAC

This table of Contents Abstract

HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 1 Computing in 2007:
Future PetaFlop Architectures
Java as the the Language for High Performance Computational Science
and Simulation
Invited Presentation: International Conference on Parallel Computing
Minnesota Oct 3-4,96
http://www.npac.syr.edu/users/gcf/javaforcsefall96/index.html

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Addon Full HTML Index
Geoffrey Fox, Wojtek Furmanski
  • NPAC
  • 111 College Place
  • Syracuse
  • NY 13244-4100
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 2 Abstract of Java for Computational Science

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Addon Full HTML Index
We describe some of forces and issues which we suggest will lead to Java emerging as the dominant language for scientific and engineering computation.
One Force is the new complex architectures expected for future high performance (petaflop) computers
This implies that other aspects of the Web will become important and in particular Web Servers will be used as a network(web) of computer servers which will allow powerful integration of data and compute services as a "server-server" infrastructure
  • Some of this is the natural consequence of the WebWindows picture of future software infrastructure
  • Here "HPF on the Web" Programming Laboratory as an example
We discuss both intrinsic reasons why
  • Java is more attractive than Fortran77/90 for Computational Science (I.e. Scientific and Engineering Computation)
  • and Issues in extending Java to support both coordination and data parallelism (HPJava)
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 3 Supercomputer Architectures in Years 2005-2010 -- I

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
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Conventional (Distributed Shared Memory) Silcon
  • Clock Speed 1GHz
  • 4 eight way parallel Complex RISC nodes per chip
  • 4000 Processing chips gives over 100 tera(fl)ops
  • 8000 2 Gigabyte DRAM gives 16 Terabytes Memory
Note Memory per Flop is much less than one to one
Natural scaling says time steps decrease at same rate as spatial intervals and so memory needed goes like (FLOPS in Gigaflops)**.75
  • If One Gigaflop requires One Gigabyte of memory (Or is it one Teraflop that needs one Terabyte?)
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 4 Supercomputer Architectures in Years 2005-2010 -- II

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Superconducting Technology is promising but can it compete with silicon juggernaut?
Should be able to build a simple 200 Ghz Superconducting CPU with modest superconducting caches (around 32 Kilobytes)
Must use same DRAM technology as for silicon CPU ?
So tremendous challenge to build latency tolerant algorithms (as over a factor of 100 difference in CPU and memory speed) but advantage of factor 30-100 less parallelism needed
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 5 Supercomputer Architectures in Years 2005-2010 -- III

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
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Processor in Memory (PIM) Architecture is follow on to J machine (MIT) Execube (IBM -- Peter Kogge) Mosaic (Seitz)
  • More Interesting in 2007 as processors are be "real" and have nontrivial amount of memory
  • Naturally fetch a complete row (column) of memory at each access - perhaps 1024 bits
One could take in year 2007 each two gigabyte memory chip and alternatively build as a mosaic of
  • One Gigabyte of Memory
  • 1000 250,000 transistor simple CPU's running at 1 Gigaflop each and each with one megabyte of on chip memory
12000 chips (Same amount of Silicon as in first design but perhaps more power) gives:
  • 12 Terabytes of Memory
  • 12 Petaflops performance
  • This design "extrapolates" specialized DSP's , the GRAPE (specialized teraflop N body machine) etc to a "somewhat specialized" system with a general CPU but a special memory poor architecture with particular 2/3D layout
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 6 Performance Per Transistor

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Performance data from uP vendors
Transistor count excludes on-chip caches
Performance normalized by clock rate
Conclusion: Simplest is best! (250K Transistor CPU)
Millions of Transistors (CPU)
Millions of Transistors (CPU)
Normalized SPECINTS
Normalized SPECFLTS
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 7 Comparison of Supercomputer Architectures

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Fixing 10-20 Terabytes of Memory, we can get
16000 way parallel natural evolution of today's machines with various architectures from distributed shared memory to clustered heirarchy
  • Peak Performance is 150 Teraflops with memory systems like today but worse with more levels of cache
5000 way parallel Superconducting system with 1 Petaflop performance but terrible imbalance between CPU and memory speeds
12 million way parallel PIM system with 12 petaflop performance and "distributed memory architecture" as off chip access with have serious penalities
There are many hybrid and intermediate choices -- these are extreme examples of "pure" architectures
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 8 Some Key Observations on PetaSoft Software

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
All proposed hardware architectures have a complex memory hierarchy which should be abstracted with a software architecture
  • Consisting of a mix of machine specific and generic levels with well defined ADI's or Abstract Device Interfaces
  • Management of latency with concurent threads or otherwise critical
This implies a layered software architecture reflected in all components
  • Compiler Language and Runtime, Tools, Systems Software etc.
The Software Architecture should be defined early on so that hardware and software respect it!
  • JNAC Architecture Review Board will be responsible for interfaces and evaluating compliance with them
Users and Compilers must be able to have full control of data movement and placement in all parts of petaflop system
Size and Complex Memory Structure of PetaFlop machines represent major challenges in scaling existing Software Concepts
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 9 Hierarchy from Application to Complex Computer

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Domain Specific Application Problem Solving Environment
Numerical Objects in (C++/Fortran/C/Java) High Level Virtual Problem
Expose the Coarse Grain Parallelism of the Real Complex Computer
Expose All Levels of Memory Hierarchy of the Real Complex Computer
Virtual
Problem /Appl. ADI
Multi
Level
Machine ADI
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 10 Time for a Software Revolution?

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Well the rest of the Software World is Changing with emergence of WebWindows Environment!
Current approaches (HPF,MPI) lack needed capability to address memory hierarchy of either today's or any future contemplated high performance architecture -- whether sequential or parallel
Problem Solving Environments are needed to support complex applications implied by both Web and increasing capabilities of scientific simulations
So I suggest rethinking High Performance Computing Software Models and Implementations!
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 11 The Current HPCC Program Execution Model (PEM) illustratrated by MPI/HPF

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
MPI represents data movement with the abstraction for a structure of machines with just two levels of memory
  • On Processor and Off Processor
This was a reasonable model in the past but even today fails to represent complex memory structure of typical microprocessor node
Note HPF Distribution Model has similar (to MPI) underlying relatively simple Abstraction for PEM
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 12 The PetaSoft Program Execution Model

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
This addresses memory hierarchy intra-processor as well as inter-processor
  • Data Movement and Replication defined between Processors as well as between levels of hierarchy on a given processor
Level 2 Cache
Level 1 Cache
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 13 Classes of Simulations and their High Performance Needs

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
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1)Classic solution of large scale PDE or Particle dynamics problem
  • Data parallelism over grid points or particles
2)Modest Grain size Functional Parallelism as seen in overlap of communication and computation in a node process of a parallel implementation.
  • More generally overlap of I/O -- disk,visualization -- and computation
3)Object parallelism seen in Distributed Simulation where "world" modelled (typically by event driven simulation) as set of interacting macroscopic (larger than grid points) objects
  • Objects are weopens, military units etc. in SIMNET/DSI (Forces Modelling)
4)MetaProblems consisting of several large grain functionally distinct components such as
  • Structural Analysis, Airflow, Manufacturing Process, Pricing, Controls etc. in MDO approach to manufacturing and design
  • more generally are components of a Problem Solving Environment
Java: 1) Not Supported, 2) is Applet mechanism, 3) is Java Objects or Applets, 4) is JavaBeans or equivalent
Fortran: 1)is supported in HPF, 2--4) are not supported
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 14 Some Critical Features of Java and Parallelism - I

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
First the Caveat -- It is possible that Java will not "make it" but current momentum is hard to derail!
  • Limbo (A T and T) and Active-X (Microsoft) are possibilities
If Java is not the web language of future, then whatever replaces it must be better and our remarks should be applied to its replacement!
Note that it is not clear if built-in thread mechanism of Java should be used in high performance implementation or "just" view as critical in supporting modest grain size functional parallelism (item 2)) within application
  • Could use threads to support parallel implementations on shared memory machines
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 15 Some Critical Features of Java and Parallelism - II

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
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As we saw large scale Applications need many forms of parallelism and it is not needed/appropriate to use the same mechanism for each form
  • Coarse Grain Software Integration or Coordination (item 4))
    • Naturally built into Java through Applet mechanism and networking classes
  • But Data Parallelism (item 1)) -- needed for "massive parallelism" -- but although not directly supported, we can do by hand!
Thus Java needs (runtime and perhaps language) extension to support HPF/HPC++ like (shared memory model for programmer) data parallelism but "Java plus message passing" is already here
  • Most Examples of Java+MP are in Information arena (This is how you build Java Collaboratories) but scientific examples are emerging
  • We can do Java+MP for "Laplace Equation Jacobi Iteration" and this how we (Caltech) started hypercube work in 1981
  • Note that Fortran or C plus message passing (PVM,MPI) is dominant implementation technology for data parallelism over last ten years
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 16 Some Critical Features of Java as a Programming Language

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Java likely to be a dominant language as will be learnt and used by a broad group of users
  • We have taught 3 full courses and several tutorials
  • Popular as widely applicable (growing number of API's etc.) and one gets good graphics outpiut easily.
  • Further can use Web to exchange results of your program with peers
  • Expect to be very effective in middle and high school programming
  • Kids will come to University and jobs knowing and expecting to use Java
    • They will not accept Fortran as unfamiliar and less attractive
    • They may accept C++ as a later more complicated language
    • The bottom up revolution!
Java may replace C++ as major system building language
  • Perhaps greater functionality (e.g. pointers) of C++ critical although "WebWindows" favors Java
  • but this is not topic today!
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 17 Comparison of Java and Fortran 77/90

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Clearly Java can easily replace Fortran as a Scientific Computing Language as can be compiled as efficiently and has much better software engineering (object) and graphics (web) capabilities
  • Fortran90 is object oriented but very small user base and not clear if will replace Fortran77
  • Note Fortran90 discussion started in 1978 (after Fortran77 agreed) and took fourteen years and even now Cray's Fortran77 compiler is (on C90 for numerical relativity) much better than their Fortran90 compiler.
  • Originally Fortran90 (as Fortran8X) was designed precisely for Cray architecture systems!
  • This illustrates that informal standards activities (as in the Web and HPF) are most appropriate for rapidly changing technologies
Java can unify classic science and engineering computations with more qualitative macroscopic "distributed simulation and modelling" arena which is critical in military and to some extent industry
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 18 Isn't the Web hardware and software too slow to be interesting for HPCC? -Java- I

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Addon Full HTML Index
Java is currently semi-interpreted and (as in Linpack online benchmark) is about 50 times slower than good C or Fortran
  • http://www.netlib.org/benchmark/linpackjava/
Java --> (javac)--> Downloadable Universal Bytecodes --> (Java Interpreter)
--> Native Machine Code
  • Just in Time Compilers speed this up by factor of 10
However Language can be efficiently compiled with "native compilers"
Java ----> (native compiler)
---> Native (for Particular Machine) Code
Lots of Interesting Compiler issues for both compiled and scripted Java
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 19 Performance of Java is Dreadful!

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Addon Full HTML Index
My SGI INDY gets .54 Megaflops for Java 100 by 100 Linpack
It has 200 Mhz R4400 and current Netlib benchmark for this chip is 32 mflops for optimized Fortran
For better resolution see JPEG Version
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 20 LinPack Java Performance Updated to Sept 30 1996

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Addon Full HTML Index
see http://www.netlib.org/benchmark/linpackjava/
Note Just in Time Compilers are giving a factor of 10 from June 96 Measurements!
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 21 Isn't the Web hardware and software too slow to be interesting for HPCC? -Java- II

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Applications requires a range of capabilities in any language
High level ("Problem Solving Environment") manipulating"large" objects
  • Semi Interpreted (Java Applet) or Interpreted (Improved JavaScript)
Intermediate level Compiled Code targetted at "sequential" (multi-threaded) architecture
  • Existing Native Compiled Java using Simple types (arrays) for numerically intensive parts
  • Note as no pointers and no overloading of basic operators, Java code should be very efficient
Lower level runtime exploiting parallelism and memory hierarchies
  • "Hints" from higher level languages (in HPF style?) referencing highly functional efficient runtime optimized for high performance architectures
  • Requires extensions to both message passing and data parallel interfaces for whatever language one uses
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 22 Hierarchy from Application to Complex Computer

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Domain Specific Application Problem Solving Environment
Numerical Objects in (C++/Fortran/C/Java) High Level Virtual Problem
Expose the Coarse Grain Parallelism of the Real Complex Computer
Expose All Levels of Memory Hierarchy of the Real Complex Computer
Virtual
Problem /Appl. ADI
Multi
Level
Machine ADI
Pure Script (Interpreted)
High Level Language but Optimized Compilation
Machine Optimized RunTime
Semi-Interpreted
a la Applets
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 23 Isn't the Web hardware and software too slow to be interesting for HPCC? -Java- III

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
One can use "native classes" which is just a predownloaded library of optimized runtime routines which can be high performance compiled Java, C, C++, Fortran, HPF etc. modules invoked by interpreted or compiled Java
  • This does NOT violate Web Philosophy in our opinion!
Use Native Classes selectively for
  • Compiler Runtime, Matrix Primitives, Image Processing and other engineering/science libraries,
  • PDE primitives such as mesh generators,
  • optimization as needed in resource management or applications
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 24 Issues in Use of Web Servers as a Compute Net - I

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
In "WebWindows" Approach one naturally gets a Web Server and Client on every node
  • Automatic in JavaOS (NT/UNIX "replacement")
  • Web is "server-server" and not a "client-server" architecture
Several emerging technologies
  • Jigsaw (30,000 line Java Server from MIT)
  • Habanero and other Java Collaboration technologies
  • JRI (Java Runtime Interface) from Netscape hides changes in Java World
  • Java IDL links to Corba and JDBC to (all) databases
  • Java RMI -- Remote Method Invocation and Object Serialization are distributed computing technologies from JavaSoft
  • JavaBeans is coarse grain object (potential basic dataflow module in distributed/parallel computing supporting standardized input/output) interoperable with Visual Basic, Borland Delphi, OpenDoc, OLE, CORBA etc.
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 25 Open Universal WebWindows --
A Revolution in the Software Industry!

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
In future one will NOT write software for either
  • Windows95/NT, UNIX, Digital VMS, IBM VM etc.
Rather one will write software for WebWindows defined as the operating environment for World Wide Web
WebWindows builds on top of Web Servers and Web Client open interfaces as in
  • CGI interface for Servers
  • Java or equivalent applet technology for clients
Applications written for WebWindows will be portable to all computers running Web Servers or Clients which hide hardware and native O/S specifics
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 26 The WebWindows Operating System

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
WebWindows Interface
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 27 36:Unique Features of WebVM Architecture

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. *
Full HTML Index
See Original Foil
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 28 38:WebVM/WebFlow Architecture

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. *
Full HTML Index
See Original Foil
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 29 45:WebVM Components: Implementation Options

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. *
Full HTML Index
See Original Foil
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 30 Issues in Use of Web Servers as a Compute Net - II

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Build initial experiments conservatively so insensitive to rapid evolution of Web
Note Problem Solving Environments and "Forces Modelling" (Human/Instrument in the loop) applications require integration of computing and collaboration
  • Java Servers (merge Jigsaw and Habanero!) provide this
Succesful examples:
  • RSA-130 Factoring on the Web (embarassingly parallel) completed (NPAC, Boston, BellCore)
  • NEOS (Argonne) and Netsolve (Tennessee)
  • NCSA Biology Workbench uses classic CGI Web to integrate many biology simulation packages
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 31 RSA130 Factorization is completed!

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
http://www.npac.syr.edu/factoring/status.html
Web Sieving started in September 1995.
On April 10, 1996, we found that
RSA-130 = 1807082088687404805951656164405905566278102516769401349170127021450056662540244048387341127590812303371781887966563182013214880557 has the following factorization: RSA-130 = 39685999459597454290161126162883786067576449112810064832555157243 * 45534498646735972188403686897274408864356301263205069600999044599
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 32 NCSA Biology Workbench

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
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An example of Web-based Computing
It lets researchers author tools and leave them on the machine of choice on the web
It allows multiple data bases to intercommunicate with each other and the functional operators that the software tools represent and to make a web browser the window into this system.
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 33 Isn't the Web hardware and software too slow to be interesting for HPCC? - IV

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Web Servers and HTTP are not as efficient as PVM/MPI daemons and their messaging but
  • Technology is rapidly changing -- HTTP-NG and new Java Servers will improve and further allow customization of services to HPCC with high performance when necessary
    • Don't customize now as Web Technology not stable enough yet!
Deploy Web technology first in education and in program development where high functionality of "Web Productivity Environment" is more important than performance
Then run production in classic "bare-bones" HPCC environment
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 34 PCRC Naturally Fits in with WebWork

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
PCRC embodies the Parallel Computing Synchronization and collective parallel algorithms and runtime that will enable efficient Web-based computing
Replace user interface of HPF or HPC++ with the Web(work) and use pervasive Web Technologies in infrastructure (World Wide Virtual Machine -- WWVM)
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 35 Isn't the Web hardware and software too slow to be interesting for HPCC? - V

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
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Internet is quite slow and getting slower but in fact many Web activities focus on IntraNets -- domain and perhaps geographically specialized hardware running pervasive Web Softwate
  • vBNS and I-Way or ATM connected PC/Workstation clusters are our typical targets as HPCC IntraNets
Superficially one can state goal as adding to the distributed computing model of the Web, the HPCC lessons and algorithms needed for high performance and tight synchronization of multiple servers and clients (Web is typically loose coarse grained coupling).
  • This is worth doing as Web has excellent productivity software
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 36 Synergy of InterNet and IntraNets

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 37 Let us Examine Issues with an Example -- "HPF on the Web" - I

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
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http://kestrel1.npac.syr.edu:6151/vpl/ (Kivanc Dincer)
Allows one to specify program from Web Client, Invoke HPF Compiler and excute on a chosen set of networked Workstations
Implemented as a network of HTTPD Web Servers using CGI scripts which replace PVM daemons and invoke communication implemented by modifying PVM software
Supports HPF and Global Arrays (Chemistry full matrix primitives developed at Pacific NorthWest Lab)
  • Will support MPI and some of fuller NWChem package
Will be used in Virtual Workshop (Cornell) and Fox's introductory computational Science class this fall CPS615
  • This is Web Programming Lab Technology
  • Naturally link in manuals and tutorial material
  • is WebWindows implementation of Programming Environment
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 38 A WWVM based on Web and PVM Technologies

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 39 HPF/MPI Programming Laboratory on the Web

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 40 Let us Examine Issues with an Example -- "HPF on the Web" - II

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Have implemented a large(16) number of Java Applets interfacing to SDDF (Self-Defining Data Format), provided by Pablo Performance Analysis Environment, developed at UIUC by CRPC Associate Dan Reed
Running Node Program --> SDDF Performance Monitoring Data --> Web server
which can be accessed by full set of Web Tools including
  • Java Applet (Real-Time or Batch) Displays
  • Store SDDF data in Web-linked databases
see: http://www.npac.syr.edu/users/dincer/pablo/
Will add Java "wrapper" to HPF data-structures so can use Java for scientific visualization of applications that run in HPF
This illustrates how use of the rich Web information improves HPCC programming environment for easy linkage of databases and logging and display of scientific and performance visualization
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 41 Kivanc Dincer's Java FrontEnd to Pablo - I

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Addon Full HTML Index
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 42 Applications of Java for Visualization/GUI Builder

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Java is a convenient User Interface builder which allows one to develop
quickly customized Interfaces
  • See Screendumps of a distributed computing environment built for NASA 4D data assimilation
  • Allows mapping and linkage of programs, datasets and machines together
This gives AVS and Khoros like environments
As part of black hole Grand Challenge, we are designing an interface to adaptive mesh (AMR) "Problem Solving environment"
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 43 Main Window for Java Interface to Distributed Computing Environment

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
From Gregor von Laszewski
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 44 Screens Opened for Java Interface to Distributed Computing Environment

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
From Gregor von Laszewski
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 45 Network of Web Servers and Clients

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * Critical Information in IMAGE
Full HTML Index
We can use Java as an interface to to a Web-implemented simulation linking to either Server or Client
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 46 Remarks on HPJava -- Data Parallel Java - I

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
As Java lies "inbetween" Fortran and C++, one can expect that data parallel Java can learn from corresponding HPF and HPC++ studies
"Parallel Compiler Runtime Consortium" produced a very rough draft
  • http://www.npac.syr.edu/users/gcf/hpjava3.html
Java does not support templates and STL approach of C++ not so natural
Need to recognize that performance of Objects in Java poorer than that of "simple types"
Java spans high level interpreted objects to low level optimally compiled "simple types"
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 47 Remarks on HPJava -- Data Parallel Java - II

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
We have proposed an approach which uses native classes for "compiler runtime" and follows an HPF style with an interpreted front-end like Matlab or APL
e.g. A = HParray.matmul(B,C)
  • Technically Generalizes HPF Interpreter we prototyped in 1993
  • Interpreters and objects are great as long as "coarse-grain"
  • i.e. arrays not array-elements
This leads again to Java wrappers invoked by HPF-style Java(Script) interpreter which interfaces to native HPF or other implementations.
  • e.g. access HPF array Ahpf elements from Java with wrapper object A
  • HParray A = new HParrayConstructor("Ahpf");
  • A.grabelement(1,100)
HELP! * GREEN=global GREY=local HTML version of GLOBAL Foils prepared Sept 30 1996

Foil 48 Suggested Action Items at NPAC

From The Future:Petaflop Computers and Java for High Performance Scientific Computing Int. Conf. on Parallel Computing in Minneapolis -- Oct 3-4 1996. * See also color IMAGE
Full HTML Index
Establish bottom-up constituency by teaching Java in Middle and High Schools
Start working groups/meetings to study requirements and issues
  • December 96 Inaugural meeting at NPAC
Build Prototype Web Coarse Grain Computing Environments
  • WebFlow -- Furmanski and Hariri
  • MetaWeb -- Baker and Lifka(Cornell)
Design and build "Java Wrappers" to both sequential and parallel Fortran77/90
  • link wrapper classes to good (Java) scientific display (plot) packages
Link above technologies in the WebWindows Programming Laboratory
  • Add Pablo and Science visualization to HPF on the web Virtual ,Programing Laboratory
Build Expertise/Infrastructure on High Performance Optimizing Java Compilers aiming at data structures of importance to Science!
Collaborate with Web/Compiler groups in China ....
Northeast Parallel Architectures Center, Syracuse University, npac@npac.syr.edu

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