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Java Calls (mainly Interfaces and not methods) to capabilities expressed in implementation neutral form
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Drivers convert these general calls to vendor specific implementation of service
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Java code can either be all on client (2-tier) or on client and middle tier (3 tier)
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e.g. JDBC is a universal interface to all relational databases
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Adoption of this JDBC implies that vendor specific solutions are immediately less attractive
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All vendors must however support JDBC because of importance of "seamless" interfaces!
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