The Petaflop conferences indicated that optical interconnections could well be essential to reach this performance even though clearly current (1995 Intel) Teraflop plans do not need optical connections for MPP supercomputers
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Note this analysis does not say key problem is SIMD Image processing using optical computing but rather supporting general MIMD systems with optics
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There are some interesting architectural issues in optical computing when you study NII as a "computer" as it has modest "bisection" bandwidth indicating data locality will be critical.
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This implies an hierarchical architecture with replicated data
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