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Scripted foilset Web Technologies ComponentWare Java Frameworks Seamless Computing

Given by Geoffrey C. Fox at Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England on Sept 17,97. Foils prepared Sept 12 97
Outside Index Summary of Material

We discuss role of commodity (Web) technologies in future seamless computing environments
We describe how a network of servers architecture can naturally support both parallel and distributed computing while
We discuss implications of metacomputing, multidisciplinary applications,
We suggest critical importance of CORBA and component based software in HPCC
  • Javabeans seem very important
We recommend agreement on standard interfaces or frameworks for computing

Table of Contents for full HTML of Web Technologies ComponentWare Java Frameworks Seamless Computing

 Denote Foils where Image Critical
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1 Implications of Commodity(Web) Technologies for Seamless Computing September 17,97 ECMWF Reading England
2 Abstract of Commodity Technologies in Seamless Computing
3 What is the Problem?
4 Possible General Architectures
5 Interoperable Interfaces
6 VPL 2.0 File Manager Screen
7 Login to SP2 with a Web Interface at NIST - I
8 Login to SP2 with a Web Interface at NIST - III
9 Overview
10 PPT Slide
11 Multidisciplinary Applications
12 Metacomputing
13 Metacomputing Includes
14 Computer Science Issues in 3 Categories
15 Four Roles of Object Web Technologies in Computing
16 Some Tactical Opportunities of Object Web Technologies - I
17 Some Tactical Opportunities of Object Web Technologies - II
18 Some Classes of Applications
19 Inevitable Relevance of the Object Web
20 Structure(Architecture) of Applications - I
21 Structure(Architecture) of Applications - II
22 One Strategy for a Object Web-based Metacomputing
23 A Web-based 3-Tier Computing System
24 Web-Server based Metacomputer Capabilities at 3 levels
25 General Object Web based Middle Tier Server Architecture
26 Proposed Approach to High Performance Messaging
27 Three Possible Implementations of CFD CSM Linkage
28 Picture of JavaBean and JDK1.1 AWT Event Model
29 Some Capabilities of the Object Web (Server) Architecture for Computing
30 Example of WebFlow = AVS/Khoros using Web
31 WebFlow: Image Processing
32 Component Based Programming Environments
33 What are JavaBeans I
34 What are JavaBeans II
35 What is a Module?
36 HPCC ComponentWare: Essential Ideas
37 Component Model for HPCC
38 System and User Perspective
39 3 by 3 Diagram of Programming Environments versus System Complexity from PC to HPCC
40 Approaches to Distributed Objects
41 Java ORB Approaches to Distributed Objects - II The object web awakens!
42 Architecture of Object Web
43 HP-CORBA - I
44 HPCORBA Layer with SIO Analogy
45 HP-CORBA - II
46 New Java Frameworks for Advanced Web Services (I)
47 New Java Frameworks for Advanced Web Services (II)
48 Possible Java Frameworks for Computing
49 What/Why is a Framework?
50 Too many Frameworks!
51 Proposed Java Computing Services Framework
52 Possible Services in a Java Computing Framework - I
53 Possible Services in a Java Computing Framework - II

Outside Index Summary of Material

HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 1 Implications of Commodity(Web) Technologies for Seamless Computing September 17,97 ECMWF Reading England

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
Full HTML Index
Geoffrey Fox
Syracuse University
NPAC
111 College Place Syracuse NY 13244 4100
3154432163
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 2 Abstract of Commodity Technologies in Seamless Computing

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
Full HTML Index
We discuss role of commodity (Web) technologies in future seamless computing environments
We describe how a network of servers architecture can naturally support both parallel and distributed computing while
We discuss implications of metacomputing, multidisciplinary applications,
We suggest critical importance of CORBA and component based software in HPCC
  • Javabeans seem very important
We recommend agreement on standard interfaces or frameworks for computing
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 3 What is the Problem?

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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There are a set of related concepts
  • Interoperable interfaces: Similar/same user interface to all computers
  • Multidisciplinary Applications: Run linked programs on one or more computers
  • Metacomputing: Run one or more linked programs on a distributed system
How general should we be?
  • Only cover distributed modules as opposed to general distribution of data-parallel problems
Can commodity (web) technologies deliver needed performance today or in near future?
Can we agree on necessary standards/frameworks?
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 4 Possible General Architectures

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Batch submission and analysis
Proper Interactive Client Server
General 3 Tier Architecture with multiple services
  • We will focus on this last case
  • which can collapse to 2 tier client-server
Client
(Web) Server
aka Middleware
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 5 Interoperable Interfaces

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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One example is VPL -- Virtual Programming Laboratory -- interface to HPF and MPI used by Syracuse and Cornell in courses/training
If you agree that it can be web based then naturally Implemented as Java Framework for Computing Services
Any Job
Computer A
Computer B
Computer C
Universal Interface
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 6 VPL 2.0 File Manager Screen

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Click on SnapShots in Virtual Programming Lab
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 7 Login to SP2 with a Web Interface at NIST - I

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
Full HTML Index
From NIST Sp2 Web Interface by Robert Lipman http://www.nist.gov/itl/div887/sasg/websubmit/
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 8 Login to SP2 with a Web Interface at NIST - III

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
Full HTML Index
From NIST Sp2 Web Interface by Robert Lipman htt/www.nist.gov/itl/div887/sasg/websubmit/
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 9 Overview

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Scivis is a client-server (3-tier) data visualization and analysis system by taking full advantage of Java.
The purpose of this system is provide researchers with a customizable data analysis system to aid their research.
We also provide a collaborative framework, where the users can exchange data and their own personalized filters.
Available via http://kopernik.npac.syr.edu:8888/scivis
Contains over 29K lines of Java code (2K lines of user-definable filters).
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 10 PPT Slide

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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A screen dump from a Scivis Session
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 11 Multidisciplinary Applications

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Metaproblem Individual Computer or Metacomputer
Software Bus
Computer
Sequential or parallel or
Hardware Bus/Network of Metacomputer
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 12 Metacomputing

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Mapping of general Problem or metaproblem onto general local or wide area network of computers
or
Any Job
Computer A
Computer B
Computer C
Computer D
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 13 Metacomputing Includes

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Includes cases like: with a --> A and b --> B which is classic distributed computing
As well as classic parallel computing (e.g. HPF) with a heterogeneous target
And arbitrary mixtures thereof
HPF Job
12 Node SP-2
8 node PC Cluster
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 14 Computer Science Issues in 3 Categories

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Multidisciplinary Applications (in their simplest implementation) are distributed computing which is integration at server level in my Java Framework for distributed computing
General Metacomputing is the much harder combination of heterogeneous decomposition and integration
Interoperable interfaces involve setting of standards for a client server integration (Java computing services framework)
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 15 Four Roles of Object Web Technologies in Computing

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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One can "just" use Object Web technologies as a software infrastructure for building parallel, distributed or sequential computing environments which can have a very different architecture from the Web
  • e.g. write software in Java
  • e.g. adopt interfaces/standards such as JDBC, VRML, Java3D
As above, but specifically build a metacomputing environment
One can view the Object Web as a distributed information system with modest performance and build a metacomputing system with the Web architecture
  • we "only" need to enhance the Object Web to get high performance
  • several ways of doing this -- common feature is that they all inherit rich web capabilities -- typically Web Server based
  • By inheriting Object Web architecture, naturally track evolving and improving commodity technology base
Harness the power of the Web as a computer -- use up the idle cycles on the WebTV's in every home -- typically a Web Client based system
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 16 Some Tactical Opportunities of Object Web Technologies - I

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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So this is partly use of Object Web Software to build metacomputing systems of any architecture
Perhaps VRML or Java3D are important for scientific visualization
Web (including Java applets) front-ends provide convenient customizable interoperable user interfaces to HPCC facilities
Perhaps the public key security and digital signature infrastructure being developed for electronic commerce, could enable more powerful approaches to secure HPCC systems
Perhaps Java will become a common scientific programming language and so effort now devoted to Fortran and C++ tools needs to be extended or shifted to Java
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 17 Some Tactical Opportunities of Object Web Technologies - II

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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The universal adoption of JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) and the growing convenience of web-linked databases could imply a growing importance of systems that link large scale commercial databases with HPCC computing resources
Javabeans, RMI, COM, CORBA, IIOP form the basis of the emerging "pragmatic object web" which analogously to the previous bullet could encourage a growing use of modern object technology which will allow better managed distributed systems
Emerging collaboration and other distributed information systems could allow new (low end) distributed work paradigms which can be used in computational steering and for basic scientific research
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 18 Some Classes of Applications

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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High end (today) to high end(tomorrow)
  • e.g. Astrophysics QCD .....
High end(today) to low end(tomorrow)
  • Today's supercomputer is tomorrow's PC
  • e.g. TeleImmersive Environments
Low end(today) to low end(tomorrow)
  • e.g. commerce, consumer market, education
Low end(today) to very low end (tomorrow)
  • e.g. email
The new application(s) we can't predict
1997
2007
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 19 Inevitable Relevance of the Object Web

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Any large scale metacomputing/distributed computing environment will be shaped by and shape all 5 classes of applications on previous foil
Even if only aimed at high end applications, the system will be influenced by and influence the "Object Web" or "commodity software infrastructure" which is here defined as "mass-market"/business IntraNet (low to low) use of Internet/distributed Information System
Parallel Computing systems can be viewed as a special case of a Metacomputer
  • Perhaps one will need a stripped production environment for highest performance but
  • best program development environment is likely to be based on commodity technologies as can leverage and track wonderful software aimed at broad based distributed computing
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 20 Structure(Architecture) of Applications - I

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Applications are metaproblems with a mix of module and data parallelism
Modules are decomposed into parts (data parallelism) and composed hierarchically into full applications.They can be the
  • "10,000" separate programs (e.g. structures,CFD ..) used in design of aircraft
  • the various filters used in Khoros based image processing system
  • the ocean-atmosphere components in integrated climate simulation
  • The data-base or file system access of a data-intensive application
  • the objects in a distributed Forces Modeling Event Driven Simulation
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 21 Structure(Architecture) of Applications - II

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Modules are "natural" message-parallel components of problem and tend to have less stringent latency and bandwidth requirements than those needed to link data-parallel components
  • modules are what HPF needs task parallelism for
  • Often modules are naturally distributed whereas parts of data parallel decomposition may need to be kept on tightly coupled MPP
Assume that primary goal of metacomputing system is to add to existing parallel computing environments, a higher level supporting module parallelism
  • Now if one takes a large CFD problem and divides into a few components, those "coarse grain data-parallel components" can be supported by computational grid technology
  • so no clean division but coarse grain modules are general goal!
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 22 One Strategy for a Object Web-based Metacomputing

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Object Web Software provides a high functionality but modest performance distributed computing (Metacomputing) environment based on either Web (soon to be CORBA IIOP and HTTP/Java Socket) Servers or Clients
Here we will explore an architecture using servers for control as higher functionality than clients although currently less broadly deployed
  • Some "parallel" computing problems (e.g. embarrassingly parallel ones) can "immediately" use Web as a parallel engine with no performance enhancements
Object Web Only addresses Integration of already decomposed parts!
  • Inherit and extend decomposition (data-parallel) technology from HPCC (parallel compiler and library technology)
  • Compose / Integrate Modules with Web Technology
  • Inherit all the pervasive (not high performance) services from the Web
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 23 A Web-based 3-Tier Computing System

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Middle Tier
Basic Web Server
Custom Web Server
TP Server
Business Transaction Management
You Write Software
at Client and Server
Old and New Useful Backend Software
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 24 Web-Server based Metacomputer Capabilities at 3 levels

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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1:User View: Interoperable Web Interface accessing services through Java Compute Services Framework
2:Network of Java Servers provide distributed services with databases, compute engines, collaboratories, object brokers, instruments
  • All control at this level
  • Some coarse grain computing
Back end "Number Crunchers" linked either by communication at level 2 (slowish but easy) or at level 3 (high performance but more work)
Compute processes linked either to servers or together by MPI if parallel
Java Servers
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 25 General Object Web based Middle Tier Server Architecture

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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We have a set of Services hosted by Object Web Servers which form the middleware and accessed by clients
Groups of clients (electronic societies) are linked by Java server based collaboration systems such as TANGO or Habanero
Access
Resources
Store
Multimedia Information
Collaboration Server
File Systems
and/or Database
Object Broker
Database
Simulation
e.g. NEOS
Netsolve
Computer
Person2
Shared
WhiteBoard
Shared Client Appl
Person1
General User
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 26 Proposed Approach to High Performance Messaging

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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As a first step, implement multi-module systems with each module linked via Java Servers
  • Modest performance (non - parallel) linkage with easy database, collaborative system etc. access
Where necessary "escape" down to classic HPCC technologies for data transport keeping control at server level
  • e.g. following foil illustrates this for a typical two module coupled CFD(fluids) and CSM(structures) problem
  • e.g. JDBC would access a parallel database in same way as sequential database at control level. However backend would implement "parallel query option" transparently to user.
This seems very convenient in JDK 1.1 "event model" which is mechanism used by Javabeans to communicate
  • this is illustrated in foil after next!
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 27 Three Possible Implementations of CFD CSM Linkage

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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1)Simple Server Approach 2)Classic HPCC Approach
3)Hybrid Approach with control at server and
data transfer at
HPCC level
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 28 Picture of JavaBean and JDK1.1 AWT Event Model

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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4)Invoke High Performance Message Transfer between Observers and Sources specified in Message Event
Server Tier
Data Source
Data Sink (Observers)
5)Actual Data Transfer
High Performance Tier
2)Prepare
Message Event in Source Control
1)Register Observers with Listener
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 29 Some Capabilities of the Object Web (Server) Architecture for Computing

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Here are some examples of using our approach where large scale industry investment in Web technology appears to add significant value to metacomputing systems built with Web architecture
  • We illustrate some of them in following foils
  • many also apply to parallel computing environments
Multidisciplinary and Computational Steering Applications
  • link people data computation with collaboratory server as part of system
Visual and Interpreted Programming Environments
  • MATLAB/AVS/ Khoros like Systems (coarse grain Software Integration)
  • Software Component based approaches
Technologies to get High Performance CORBA
Integration with Forces Modeling (Distributed Event driven Simulation)
Integration with Networked enabled servers such as NEOS and Netsolve
  • These are naturally implemented using CORBA as are
  • Software repositories (RIB from National High Performance Software Exchange)
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 30 Example of WebFlow = AVS/Khoros using Web

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Simulation
Basic Display
Image Filter
is another
module
Output Display after Filter
Runs as a
parallel
module
using
Java Server
host
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 31 WebFlow: Image Processing

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Bunch of Filters and Displays
defined in
Java Graph editor and
running on grid of Java Servers
Original Image
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 32 Component Based Programming Environments

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Visual Basic/C++/J++ and ActiveX or Beanboxes with Javabeans give visual approach to software objects
  • specify properties and linkage
Enterprise Javabeans and COM are extending this to distributed computing
Using Web technologies for grid and building modules out of (whatever Javabeans/COM evolves to) allows one to deliver to user HPCC programming environments with comparable friendliness to those in PC world
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 33 What are JavaBeans I

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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They are Java's implementation of "component-based" visual programming
This modern software engineering technique produces a new approach to libraries which become a "software component infrastructure(SCI)"
There is a visual interface to discovery of and setting of values of and information about parameters used in a particular software component
JavaBeans uses the event model of JDK1.1 to communicate between components
  • This is exactly same as new AWT event model and shows power of this new model
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 34 What are JavaBeans II

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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The visual interface allows inspection of and implementation of both individual beans and their linkage . This visual construction of linkage allows one to form nontrivial programs with multiple communicating components
Apart from the event mechanism which is a communication/linkage mechanism, ComponentWare (and JavaBeans in particular) "just" give a set of universal rules (needed for interoperability) for rather uncontroversial (albeit good) object-oriented and visual programming practices
  • Hiding of properties which can only be accessed by methods (which must have special names)
  • Display of these properties (as given by methods)
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 35 What is a Module?

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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In general it is any process, but it is convenient (in the pure form of our web approach) to view each module as a Javabean (or equivalent component)
The Javabean can wrap existing Fortran, Perl or C C++ code by either using native methods or by invoking the code as a separate process
Modules as Javabeans allow them to be stored as objects and inspected visually
  • They can be part of a visual component based programming environment
Wrapping existing code as Javabeans is a good way of renovating "legacy code" so can be used more easily in future!
  • Can document for later use using standard property methods in Javabeans
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 36 HPCC ComponentWare: Essential Ideas

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Large gains in HPCC user productivity will be attained if we can integrate the ideas and technologies of modern (PC) visual programming with classical HPCC approaches
Use of important emerging Web and CORBA technology allows HPCC object (C++.,Java) and visual (CODE, Hence, WebFlow, AVS, Khoros) systems to be enhanced to become parallel component-based visual programming systems.
CORBA does not incorporate HPCC but as it specifies services and not implementation,
  • One can build a high performance HP-CORBA environment where we separate a high functionality modest performance control layer from an optional high performance method invocation layer.
HP-CORBA can be built on Nexus and Globus and it will allow HPCC users access to any CORBA service with an option for high performance when necessary.
The NPAC WebFlow technology can be combined with emerging JavaBean technology to produce a prototype HPcomponent system.
Note industry is ahead with sequential ComponentWare but is only now moving with activeX to distributed systems. HPCC already has visual distributed environments. So HPCC need not be behind if it generalizes modules to Javabeans
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 37 Component Model for HPCC

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 38 System and User Perspective

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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We present the proposed process of integrating HPCC and Enterprise Computing technologies on 2-dimensional 3x3 chart, exposing the evolution of user and system perspectives on new computing technologies.
On the (vertical) system/complexity axis, we start from PC desktop and we evolve towards distributed and finally HPCC computing.
On the (horizontal) user/simplicity axis, we start from objects and we evolve towards reusable components and finally their visual development and runtime environments.
The first row on our char represents the already established PC technologies exemplified by systems such as Visual C++/J++, VBScript, Borland Delphi, Visual Cafe etc.
The second row corresponds to the emergent Object Web based Enterprise Computing that integrates Java/JavaBeans based component technologies with CORBA based distributed objects.
Finally, the third row represents our proposed HPCC extensions of these technologies in terms of HP-CORBA based HP-Components.
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 39 3 by 3 Diagram of Programming Environments versus System Complexity from PC to HPCC

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 40 Approaches to Distributed Objects

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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At present, JavaBeans technology is focused on component programming within a single Java VM.
Within the Sun philosophy of '100% Java', distributed Beans can be developed using RMI interconnect. However, the rest of the industry tries to protect their C++ investments while converting to Java.
Hence, in parallel with JavaBeans development, the Web industry explores now the linkage of Java with CORBA based distributed object technologies which offer an full C++/Java interoperability.
CORBA supports cross-language remote object invocation as well as IIOP (Internet Inter-ORB Protocol) based interoperability between object brokers from various vendors.
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 41 Java ORB Approaches to Distributed Objects - II The object web awakens!

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Of particular interest are Java based ORBs or ORBlets which can be downloaded as applets to enable CORBA capabilities also at the client/browser side.
An alternative, offered by Netscape, is a resident ORB support in all browser and server products.
Java based ORBs will soon turn the Web, so far acting as a largely passive document publishing framework, into a powerful dynamic world-wide distributed object-based computing environment.
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 42 Architecture of Object Web

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 43 HP-CORBA - I

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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Now consider how to make the Object Web High performance.
In the object domain we propose the extension HP-CORBA of the CORBA model for the HPCC domain by developing a minimal high performance ORB on top of MPI/Nexus.
Such HP-ORBlets, residing in the individual nodes of a parallel system (either as network daemons or as runtime libraries) would allow one to hide explicit message passing calls in terms of higher level more user-friendly remote object invocations.
  • These are decomposed data parallel parts on tier 3 invoked from tier 1
HP-ORBlets would focus on high performance data/method communication support, whereas the lower bandwidth control communication would be passed to and handled by the full functionality lower performance commercial ORBs in the CORBA bus in the middleware layer.
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 44 HPCORBA Layer with SIO Analogy

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 45 HP-CORBA - II

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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The split between data and control communication would be fully transparent at the program's level, i.e. both parallel object developers and integrators would be offered a uniform CORBA object based programming model.
  • This is like parallel data bases and possible for same reason that parallelism in CORBA has no difficult side effect problems as in parallel Fortran...
Two major advantages of the proposed approach are:
  • Full C++/Java interoperability at the node program level which allows for gradual insertion of Java based parallel programming tools to come
  • Industry standards (CORBA services such as Naming or Trader) based mechanism for delivering the encapsulated parallel objects to the industry.
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Foil 46 New Java Frameworks for Advanced Web Services (I)

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
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A large number of new Java APIs for advanced Web Services are emerging from JavaSoft and partners. Many current problems such as with the NPS WebDIS networking will be soon solved in a more robust, stable and elegant fashion by the new high-level APIs.
Java APIs are organized in Java Frameworks. Current list of frameworks include:
  • Java Applet Framework - base JDK1.0.2 packages such as java.lang, java.util, java.io, java.net and java.awt.
  • Java Enterprise Framework - JavaIDL (CORBA API), RMI (Remote Method Invocation a.k.a Java-to-Java custom (non-CORBA) ORB), JDBC (Java Database Connectivity), Java Serialization, Java Web Server.
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 47 New Java Frameworks for Advanced Web Services (II)

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
Full HTML Index
Java Security Framework - support for authentication encryption, digital signatures.
Java Commerce Framework - Java Wallet, Java Cassettes (digital credit cards).
Java Beans Framework - componentware API with support for GUI negotiation and merging, persistence (JAR files), event filtering, introspection, visual application builders
Java Media Framework - Java2D (with Adobe), animation (with Macromedia), audio/video (with Intel), Java3D (with SGI), JSDA (Java Shared Data API).
All APIs listed are either already operational within JDK1.1, or still in works (spec only or alpha or beta release) but with the final release dates in 1997.
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 48 Possible Java Frameworks for Computing

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
Full HTML Index
Numerical Computing Framework
  • library interfaces, (sparse) matrix storage, complex, evaluation rules, IEEE floating point support, "BLAS"
Computing Services Framework
  • Enables Interoperable web compute interfaces
High Performance Framework
  • Parallel Computing, I/O, Databases, Object Brokers
  • Java MPI Interface
  • HPF HPC++ Data Parallel Java
Distributed Computing Framework
  • Network of Java Servers, Multidisciplinary application and Metacomputing standards
Distributed Simulation Framework
  • Java implementations of DMSO HLA and DIS standards
  • This is event driven simulation system
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 49 What/Why is a Framework?

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
Full HTML Index
Java Calls (mainly Interfaces and not methods) to capabilities expressed in implementation neutral form
Drivers convert these general calls to vendor specific implementation of service
Java code can either be all on client (2-tier) or on client and middle tier (3 tier)
e.g. JDBC is a universal interface to all relational databases
Adoption of this JDBC implies that vendor specific solutions (such as Oracle's PL/SQL) are immediately less attractive
  • Oracle must however support JDBC and de-emphasize PL/SQL because of importance of "seamless" interfaces!
Note database business is larger than simulation business
  • Maybe "computing" too small a field to get such agreements!
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 50 Too many Frameworks!

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
Full HTML Index
These are too many suggested computing frameworks and probably several are rather controversial as there is no agreed model of the use of Java in Computing
  • In fact, many people believe this is a mistake!
The most promising for early consideration are
1) The Numerical Computing Framework which is essentially use of Java in Computational Science and Engineering
Very important to get agreement on areas that affect JavaVM and the Java Language as these are getting harder to change
  • Expression Evaluation rules, Complex datatypes (overload + operator?), efficient multidimensional arrays,
  • http://www.npac.syr.edu/projects/javaforcse/june21summary.html
2) The Computing Services Framework which we give more detail on.
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 51 Proposed Java Computing Services Framework

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
Full HTML Index
Enables development of Web Interfaces to run a given job on any computer compliant with this framework just as JDBC gives a universal interface to any relational database
  • I.e. enables seamless computing
The Computing Services Framework allows vendors to compete on either User Front End (GUI) or back end services with the JavaCS framework providing universal linkage
The framework is implemented at the backend as a set of drivers which map generic Java Interfaces to particular software (e.g. a compiler) on particular machines.
Requires agreement by "suitable interested parties" on
  • what are the services
  • what are the interfaces for a given service
  • As with JDBC and PL/SQL can lead to difficult choices!
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 52 Possible Services in a Java Computing Framework - I

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
Full HTML Index
http://www.sis.port.ac.uk/~mab/Computing-FrameWork/
Is CORBA (viewing system as a collection of objects) useful
Compiling, Executing, Specification of features needed for execution optimization
  • This includes parameters needed by MPI/HPF decompositions such as number of processors
  • Resource Management and Scheduling jobs as in Codine or LSF or new NT environments such as Wolfpack
Accounting -- use Web commerce technology?
Security (especially hard in metacomputing as link several different management policies)
  • Public Key Infrastructure expected from Internet commerce very important
HTML version of Scripted Foils prepared Sept 12 97

Foil 53 Possible Services in a Java Computing Framework - II

From General NPAC Foils-B starting June97(PowerPoint) Seamless Computing Conference ECMWF Reading England -- Sept 17,97. *
Full HTML Index
Sharing, Accessing and Storing into File Systems
Data and Performance Visualization Interface (how applets access server side information)
Performance measurement and recording (cf: Pablo SDDF)
Interfaces for Programming Tools
  • Debuggers
  • Computational Steering / Interpreted Execution
Libraries including names in Math class and
  • role of Javabeans with visual Interfaces
Module linkage model for metaproblems (multidisciplinary applications) as in Javabeans sufficient?
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