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We all know and use it, but here is a formal specification.
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Each message is a stream of 7-bit ASCII chars which contains a header and optional (newline separated) body.
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Header consists of a set of entries with one entry per line given by a colon separated key:value pair.
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Key contains no spaces or tabs and cannot exceed 63 chars.
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Body is a fully unstructured sequence of ASCII chars.
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There is a finite set of standard keys and an extension mechanism via the "X"-prefix. The standard set (as used by MH) is:
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Date Bcc Resent-Date Resent-Fcc
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From Fcc Resent-From resent-
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Sender Message-ID Resent-To Message-Id
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To Subject Resent-cc Forwarded
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cc In-Reply-To Resent-Bcc Replied
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