View Javadoc

1   /*
2    * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
3    * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
4    * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
5    * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
6    * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
7    * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
8    *
9    *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10   *
11   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
12   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
13   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
14   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
15   * limitations under the License.
16   */
17  package com.ibatis.struts;
18  
19  import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
20  import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
21  import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
22  import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
23  
24  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
25  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
26  import java.lang.reflect.Method;
27  
28  /***
29   * BeanAction is an extension to the typical Struts Action class that
30   * enables mappings to bean methods.  This allows for a more typical
31   * Object Oriented design where each object has behaviour as part of
32   * its definition.  Instead of writing separate Actions and Forms,
33   * BeanAction allows you to simply have a Bean, which models both
34   * the state and the methods that operate on that state.
35   * <p/>
36   * In addition to the simpler packaging, BeanAction also simplifies the
37   * Struts progamming paradigm and reduces dependency on Struts.  Using
38   * this pattern could allow easier migration to newer frameworks like JSF.
39   * <p/>
40   * The method signatures are greatly simplified to the following
41   * <pre>
42   * public String myActionMethod() {
43   *   //..work
44   *   return "success";
45   * }
46   * </pre>
47   * The return parameter becomes simply the name of the forward (as defined
48   * in the config file as usual).  Form parameters, request, response, session,
49   * attributes, and cookies are all accessed via the ActionContext class (see the
50   * ActionContext javadocs for more).
51   * <p/>
52   * The forms that you map to a BaseAction mapping must be a subclass of the
53   * BaseBean class.  BaseBean continues to simplify the validation and
54   * reset methods by removing the parameters from the signature as was done with
55   * the above action method example.
56   * <p/>
57   * There are 3 ways to map a BeanAction in the struts configuration file.
58   * They are as follows.
59   * <p/>
60   * <B>URL Pattern</B>
61   * <p/>
62   * This approach uses the end of the action definition to determine which
63   * method to call on the Bean.  For example if you request the URL:
64   * <p/>
65   * http://localhost/jpetstore4/shop/viewOrder.do
66   * <p/>
67   * Then the method called would be "viewOrder" (of the mapped bean as specified
68   * by the name="" parameter in the mapping below).  The mapping used for this
69   * approach is as follows.
70   * <pre>
71   *  &lt;action path="/shop/<b>viewOrder</b>" type="com.ibatis.struts.BeanAction"
72   *    name="orderBean" scope="session"
73   *    validate="false"&gt;
74   *    &lt;forward name="success" path="/order/ViewOrder.jsp"/&gt;
75   *  &lt;/action&gt;
76   * </pre>
77   *
78   * <B>Method Parameter</B>
79   * <p/>
80   * This approach uses the Struts action parameter within the mapping
81   * to determine the method to call on the Bean.  For example the
82   * following action mapping would cause the "viewOrder" method to
83   * be called on the bean ("orderBean").  The mapping used for this
84   * approach is as follows.
85   * <pre>
86   *  &lt;action path="/shop/viewOrder" type="com.ibatis.struts.BeanAction"
87   *    <b>name="orderBean" parameter="viewOrder"</b> scope="session"
88   *    validate="false"&gt;
89   *    &lt;forward name="success" path="/order/ViewOrder.jsp"/&gt;
90   *  &lt;/action&gt;
91   * </pre>
92   * <B>No Method call</B>
93   * <p/>
94   * BeanAction will ignore any Struts action mappings without beans associated
95   * to them (i.e. no name="" attribute in the mapping).  If you do want to associate
96   * a bean to the action mapping, but do not want a method to be called, simply
97   * set the parameter to an asterisk ("*").  The mapping used for this approach
98   * is as follows (no method will be called).
99   * <pre>
100  *  &lt;action path="/shop/viewOrder" type="com.ibatis.struts.BeanAction"
101  *    <b>name="orderBean" parameter="*"</b> scope="session"
102  *    validate="false"&gt;
103  *    &lt;forward name="success" path="/order/ViewOrder.jsp"/&gt;
104  *  &lt;/action&gt;
105  * </pre>
106  * <p/>
107  * <B>A WORK IN PROGRESS</B>
108  * <p/>
109  * <i>The BeanAction Struts extension is a work in progress.  While it demonstrates
110  * good patterns for application development, the framework itself is very new and
111  * should not be considered stable.  Your comments and suggestions are welcome.
112  * Please visit <a href="http://www.ibatis.com">http://www.ibatis.com</a> for contact information.</i>
113  * <p/>
114  * Date: Mar 11, 2004 10:03:56 PM
115  *
116  * @author Clinton Begin
117  * @see BaseBean
118  * @see ActionContext
119  */
120 public class BeanAction extends Action {
121 
122   public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
123       throws Exception {
124 
125     String forward = "success";
126 
127     try {
128 
129       ActionContext.initialize(request, response);
130 
131       if (form != null) {
132 
133         // Explicit Method Mapping
134         Method method = null;
135         String methodName = mapping.getParameter();
136         if (methodName != null && !"*".equals(methodName)) {
137           try {
138             method = form.getClass().getMethod(methodName, null);
139             forward = (String) method.invoke(form, null);
140           } catch (Exception e) {
141             throw new BeanActionException("Error dispatching bean action via method parameter ('" + methodName + "').  Cause: " + e, e);
142           }
143         }
144 
145         // Path Based Method Mapping
146         if (method == null && !"*".equals(methodName)) {
147           methodName = mapping.getPath();
148           if (methodName.length() > 1) {
149             int slash = methodName.lastIndexOf("/") + 1;
150             methodName = methodName.substring(slash);
151             if (methodName.length() > 0) {
152               try {
153                 method = form.getClass().getMethod(methodName, null);
154                 forward = (String) method.invoke(form, null);
155               } catch (Exception e) {
156                 throw new BeanActionException("Error dispatching bean action via URL pattern ('" + methodName + "').  Cause: " + e, e);
157               }
158             }
159           }
160         }
161       }
162 
163     } catch (Exception e) {
164       request.setAttribute("BeanActionException", e);
165       throw e;
166     }
167 
168     return mapping.findForward(forward);
169   }
170 
171 }