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Astrophysics has several important particle dynamics problems where new particles are not atoms but rather stars, clusters of stars, galaxies or clusters of galaxies.
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The numerical algorithm is similar but there is an important new approach because we have a lot of particles (currently over N=107) and all particles interact with each other.
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This naively has a computational complexity of O(N2) at each time step but a clever numerical method reduces it to O(N) or O (NlogN).
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Physics problems addressed include:
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Evolution of early universe structure of today
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Why are galaxies spiral?
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What happens when galaxies collide?
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What makes globular clusters (with O(106) stars) like they are?
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